Departments of Pediatrics and Population Health, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York.
Department of Pediatrics, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina.
Pediatrics. 2021 Dec 1;148(6). doi: 10.1542/peds.2021-054666.
Medication administration errors that take place in the home are common, especially when liquid preparations are used and complex medication schedules with multiple medications are involved; children with chronic conditions are disproportionately affected. Parents and other caregivers with low health literacy and/or limited English proficiency are at higher risk for making errors in administering medications to children in their care. Recommended strategies to reduce home medication errors relate to provider prescribing practices; health literacy-informed verbal counseling strategies (eg, teachback and showback) and written patient education materials (eg, pictographic information) for patients and/or caregivers across settings (inpatient, outpatient, emergency care, pharmacy); dosing-tool provision for liquid medication measurement; review of medication lists with patients and/or caregivers (medication reconciliation) that includes prescription and over-the-counter medications, as well as vitamins and supplements; leveraging the medical home; engaging adolescents and their adult caregivers; training of providers; safe disposal of medications; regulations related to medication dosing tools, labeling, packaging, and informational materials; use of electronic health records and other technologies; and research to identify novel ways to support safe home medication administration.
家庭中发生的用药错误很常见，尤其是在使用液体制剂和涉及多种药物的复杂用药计划时；患有慢性病的儿童受影响的比例不成比例。健康素养低和/或英语水平有限的父母和其他照顾者在为其照顾的儿童用药时更容易出错。减少家庭用药错误的推荐策略涉及提供者的处方实践；针对患者和/或照顾者的基于健康素养的口头咨询策略（例如，回授和展示）和书面患者教育材料（例如，象形信息），适用于各种环境（住院、门诊、急诊护理、药房）；提供用于测量液体药物剂量的剂量工具；与患者和/或照顾者一起审查用药清单（用药重整），其中包括处方药和非处方药以及维生素和补品；利用医疗之家；让青少年及其成年照顾者参与进来；培训提供者；安全处理药物；与药物剂量工具、标签、包装和信息材料相关的法规；使用电子健康记录和其他技术；以及研究确定支持安全家庭用药管理的新方法。
