Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2022 Feb;31(2):382-392. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-21-1035. Epub 2021 Nov 30.
Using more recent cancer registry data, we analyzed disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence by ethnic enclave and neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) among Asian American/Pacific Islander (AAPI) and Hispanic populations in California.
Primary, invasive HCC cases were identified from the California Cancer Registry during 1988-1992, 1998-2002, and 2008-2012. Age-adjusted incidence rates (per 100,000 population), incidence rate ratios, and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated for AAPI or Hispanic enclave, nSES, and the joint effects of ethnic enclave and nSES by time period (and the combination of the three periods), sex, and race/ethnicity.
In the combined time period, HCC risk increased 25% for highest versus lowest quintile of AAPI enclave among AAPI males. HCC risk increased 22% and 56% for lowest versus highest quintile of nSES among AAPI females and males, respectively. In joint analysis, AAPI males living in low nSES areas irrespective of enclave status were at 17% to 43% increased HCC risk compared with AAPI males living in areas of nonenclave/high nSES. HCC risk increased by 22% for Hispanic females living in areas of low nSES irrespective of enclave status and by 19% for Hispanic males living in areas of nonenclave/low nSES compared with their counterparts living in areas of nonenclave/high nSES.
We found significant variation in HCC incidence by ethnic enclave and nSES among AAPI and Hispanic populations in California by sex and time period.
Future studies should explore how specific attributes of enclaves and nSES impact HCC risk for AAPI and Hispanic populations.
利用最近的癌症登记数据，我们分析了加利福尼亚州亚裔美国人和西班牙裔人群中肝癌（HCC）发病率的种族飞地和邻里社会经济地位（nSES）差异。
从 1988 年至 1992 年、1998 年至 2002 年和 2008 年至 2012 年，从加利福尼亚癌症登记处确定原发性、侵袭性 HCC 病例。按年龄调整发病率（每 10 万人）、发病率比和相应的 95%置信区间，用于 AAPI 或西班牙裔飞地、nSES 以及按时间（和三个时期的组合）、性别和种族/族裔划分的种族飞地和 nSES 的联合效应。
在合并时间内，AAPI 男性中，最高五分位数与最低五分位数的 AAPI 飞地相比，HCC 风险增加了 25%。AAPI 女性和男性的 nSES 最低五分位数与最高五分位数相比，HCC 风险分别增加了 22%和 56%。在联合分析中，无论飞地状况如何，居住在低 nSES 地区的 AAPI 男性与居住在非飞地/高 nSES 地区的 AAPI 男性相比，HCC 风险增加了 17%至 43%。无论飞地状况如何，居住在低 nSES 地区的西班牙裔女性的 HCC 风险增加了 22%，而居住在非飞地/低 nSES 地区的西班牙裔男性的 HCC 风险增加了 19%，与居住在非飞地/高 nSES 地区的西班牙裔男性相比。
我们发现加利福尼亚州亚裔美国人和西班牙裔人群的 HCC 发病率按性别和时间在种族飞地和 nSES 方面存在显著差异。
未来的研究应探讨飞地和 nSES 的特定属性如何影响亚裔美国人和西班牙裔人群的 HCC 风险。
