Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany.
Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, Freising, Germany.
Eur Geriatr Med. 2022 Jun;13(3):741-752. doi: 10.1007/s41999-021-00597-y. Epub 2021 Dec 1.
Individualised interventions are recommended to tackle malnutrition in older adults, but approaches for nursing home (NH) residents are scarce. This study investigated the effects of an individualised nutritional intervention in NH residents with (risk of) malnutrition.
In a pre-post study, 6 weeks (w) of usual care were followed by 6w of intervention. The intervention consisted of up to three supplement modules (sweet and savoury protein creams and protein-energy drink, single or combined) and, if required, reshaped texture-modified meals (RTMM).
Fifty residents completed the study (84 ± 8 years, 74% female). One-third (32%) received RTMM. Additional 258 ± 167 kcal/day and 23 ± 15 g protein/day were offered. Mean daily energy intake increased by 207 (95%CI 47-368, p = 0.005) kcal and protein intake by 14 (7-21, p < 0.001) g (w12 vs w1). Quality of life (QoL) increased in the subscale "care relationship" (+ 9 (3-15) points, p = 0.002, w12 vs w6). Body weight, handgrip strength, and other QoL subscales did not change.
Our intervention improved dietary intake and one QoL subscale in NH residents with (risk of) malnutrition. As a next step, randomized controlled trials are needed to investigate the impact of individualised interventions more comprehensively.
建议针对老年人营养不良采取个体化干预措施，但针对疗养院（NH）居民的方法却很少。本研究调查了针对有（有风险的）营养不良的 NH 居民的个体化营养干预的效果。
在一项前后研究中，在进行 6 周的常规护理后，再进行 6 周的干预。干预包括最多三个补充模块（甜咸蛋白质奶油和蛋白质能量饮料，单独或组合），如果需要，还可以重塑质地改良的膳食（RTMM）。
五十名居民完成了研究（84±8 岁，74%女性）。三分之一（32%）接受了 RTMM。额外提供了 258±167 千卡/天和 23±15 克蛋白质/天。平均每日能量摄入量增加了 207（95%CI 47-368，p=0.005）千卡，蛋白质摄入量增加了 14（7-21，p<0.001）克（w12 与 w1）。生活质量（QoL）在“护理关系”子量表中增加了 9（3-15）分（p=0.002，w12 与 w6）。体重、握力和其他 QoL 子量表没有变化。
我们的干预措施改善了有（有风险的）营养不良的 NH 居民的饮食摄入和一个 QoL 子量表。作为下一步，需要进行随机对照试验来更全面地研究个体化干预的影响。
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