Jonmarker C, Nordström L, Werner O
Br J Anaesth. 1986 Apr;58(4):428-32. doi: 10.1093/bja/58.4.428.
A gas washout technique was used to measure the functional residual capacity (FRC) in eight patients during anaesthesia for cardiac surgery. The patients were anaesthetized with droperidol, fentanyl and nitrous oxide, alcuronium was given and the lungs were ventilated with a volume controlled ventilator. FRC was measured at three stages before skin incision, after sternotomy but before cardiopulmonary bypass, and after closure of the sternum. The pleural cavities were intact in all patients during the operation. FRC before skin incision was 1.7 +/- 0.5 litre (mean +/- 1 SD). A 55% mean increase in volume was noted after sternotomy and placement of the sternal retractor (P less than 0.001). Mean FRC after sternal closure was 16% lower than the preincision value (P less than 0.05). Arterial Po2 was measured in 22 other patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery and in whom F/o2 was 0.5. Pao2 increased significantly when the sternum was opened, but decreased after cardiopulmonary bypass. There was a further significant decrease on closure of the sternum.
采用气体冲洗技术，对8例心脏手术麻醉患者的功能残气量（FRC）进行测量。患者用氟哌利多、芬太尼和氧化亚氮麻醉，给予阿库氯铵，并使用容量控制通气机进行肺通气。在皮肤切开前、胸骨切开后但在体外循环前以及胸骨关闭后三个阶段测量FRC。手术过程中所有患者的胸膜腔均完整。皮肤切开前FRC为1.7±0.5升（平均值±1标准差）。胸骨切开并放置胸骨牵开器后，平均容积增加55%（P<0.001）。胸骨关闭后平均FRC比切开前的值低16%（P<0.05）。对另外22例行冠状动脉搭桥手术且F/O2为0.5的患者测量动脉血氧分压（Po2）。胸骨打开时Pao2显著升高，但体外循环后降低。胸骨关闭时进一步显著降低。
