Center for Dental Education and Research (CDER), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Dr. CG Pandit National Chair of ICMR, Department of Plastic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
J Periodontol. 2022 Oct;93(10):1578-1588. doi: 10.1002/JPER.21-0255. Epub 2022 Jan 19.
A weak implant-soft tissue interface may lead to bacterial ingression, breakdown of underlying tissues, and eventually implant failure. This study proposes a surface modification technique of titanium alloy (Ti), using a nano-biopolymer scaffold to enhance soft tissue attachment in dental implants.
Gelatin (20% w/v) embedded with 10 ± 2 nm silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was electrospun to form a gelatin electrospun mat (GEM) scaffold, bonded to Ti alloy surface using chemical surface functionalization. Antimicrobial activity of AgNPs was tested against representative Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) at 4, 24, and 48 hours and after embedding in scaffold at 48 hours. Cytotoxicity analysis (MTT assay) was performed using the 3T3 mouse fibroblast cell line at 24 and 72 hours for two groups: control (unmodified Ti disc) and experimental (GEM embedded with AgNPs); and further validated by scanning electron microscopy.
The AgNPs-embedded GEM showed good antimicrobial activity at 48 hours, with the AgNPs showing complete (99.99%) inhibition of bacterial colony counts at 24 and 48 hours. Cell viability and proliferation over the GEM modified Ti discs were seen to be significantly increased (P < 0.05) at 72 hours as compared with control. SEM images revealed intimate spreading of fibroblasts, with differentiated cell morphology and pseudopodial processes, indicative of enhanced fibroblastic adhesion, growth, and differentiation over the scaffold.
Results show good antifouling properties and biocompatibility of the fabricated coating, making it a promising strategy to reduce postoperative infections and peri-implant diseases in Ti dental implants.
薄弱的种植体-软组织界面可能导致细菌入侵、底层组织破裂，最终导致种植体失败。本研究提出了一种钛合金（Ti）表面改性技术，使用纳米生物聚合物支架增强牙科植入物中的软组织附着。
将明胶（20%w/v）嵌入 10±2nm 银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）中，通过静电纺丝形成明胶静电纺丝垫（GEM）支架，通过化学表面功能化与 Ti 合金表面结合。在 4、24 和 48 小时以及在支架中嵌入 48 小时后，测试 AgNPs 对代表性革兰氏阳性（金黄色葡萄球菌）和革兰氏阴性菌（大肠杆菌）的抗菌活性。使用 3T3 小鼠成纤维细胞系在 24 和 72 小时进行细胞毒性分析（MTT 测定），分为两组：对照组（未修饰的 Ti 盘）和实验组（嵌入 AgNPs 的 GEM）；并用扫描电子显微镜进一步验证。
AgNPs 嵌入的 GEM 在 48 小时显示出良好的抗菌活性，AgNPs 在 24 和 48 小时完全（99.99%）抑制了细菌菌落计数。与对照组相比，GEM 修饰的 Ti 盘上的细胞活力和增殖在 72 小时时明显增加（P < 0.05）。SEM 图像显示出成纤维细胞的紧密扩散，具有分化的细胞形态和伪足过程，表明在支架上增强了成纤维细胞的粘附、生长和分化。
结果表明，所制备的涂层具有良好的防污性能和生物相容性，是减少 Ti 牙科植入物术后感染和种植体周围疾病的有前途的策略。
