Division of Injury Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, CDC.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021 Dec 3;70(48):1664-1668. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7048a3.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), which can disrupt normal brain function and result in short- and long-term adverse clinical outcomes, including disability and death, is preventable. To describe the 2018 incidence of nonfatal TBI-related hospitalizations in the United States by sociodemographic characteristics, injury intent, and mechanism of injury, CDC analyzed data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample. During 2018, there were 223,050 nonfatal TBI-related hospitalizations; rates among persons aged ≥75 years were approximately three times higher than those among persons aged 65-74 years, and the age-adjusted rate among males was approximately double that among females. Unintentional falls were the most common mechanism of injury leading to nonfatal TBI-related hospitalization, followed by motor vehicle crashes. Proper and consistent use of recommended restraints (i.e., seatbelts, car seats, and booster seats) and, particularly for persons aged ≥75 years, learning about individual fall risk from health care providers are two steps the public can take to prevent the most common injuries leading to nonfatal TBIs. The findings in this report could be used by public health officials and clinicians to identify priority areas for prevention programs.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）可破坏正常的大脑功能，并导致短期和长期的不良临床后果，包括残疾和死亡，是可以预防的。为了描述美国 2018 年非致命性 TBI 相关住院的发病情况及其与社会人口特征、受伤意图和损伤机制的关系，疾病预防控制中心（CDC）分析了医疗保健成本和利用项目（HCUP）全国（全国）住院患者样本的数据。2018 年，有 223,050 例非致命性 TBI 相关住院；≥75 岁人群的发病率大约是 65-74 岁人群的三倍，男性的年龄调整发病率大约是女性的两倍。非故意性跌倒是非致命性 TBI 相关住院的最常见损伤机制，其次是机动车事故。正确和一致地使用推荐的约束装置（即安全带、汽车座椅和增高座椅），特别是对于≥75 岁的人群，从医疗保健提供者那里了解个人跌倒风险，是公众可以采取的两个预防最常见损伤导致非致命性 TBI 的措施。本报告中的发现可被公共卫生官员和临床医生用于确定预防计划的优先领域。
