Thompson Hilaire J, McCormick Wayne C, Kagan Sarah H
Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Systems, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006 Oct;54(10):1590-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00894.x.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant problem in older adults. In persons aged 65 and older, TBI is responsible for more than 80,000 emergency department visits each year; three-quarters of these visits result in hospitalization as a result of the injury. Adults aged 75 and older have the highest rates of TBI-related hospitalization and death. Falls are the leading cause of TBI for older adults (51%), and motor vehicle traffic crashes are second (9%). Older age is known to negatively influence outcome after TBI. Although geriatric and neurotrauma investigators have identified the prognostic significance of preadmission functional ability, comorbidities, sex, and other factors such as cerebral perfusion pressure on recovery after illness or injury, these variables remain understudied in older adults with TBI. In the absence of good clinical data, predicting outcomes and providing care in the older adult population with TBI remains problematic. To address this significant public health issue, a refocusing of research efforts on this population is justified to prevent TBI in the older adult and to discern unique care requirements to facilitate best patient outcomes.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）在老年人中是一个重大问题。在65岁及以上的人群中，TBI每年导致超过80000人次前往急诊科就诊；其中四分之三的就诊因受伤而住院。75岁及以上的成年人TBI相关住院率和死亡率最高。跌倒（51%）是老年人TBI的主要原因，机动车交通事故是第二大原因（9%）。众所周知，高龄会对TBI后的预后产生负面影响。尽管老年医学和神经创伤研究人员已经确定了入院前功能能力、合并症、性别以及诸如脑灌注压等其他因素对疾病或损伤后恢复的预后意义，但在老年TBI患者中，这些变量仍未得到充分研究。在缺乏良好临床数据的情况下，预测老年TBI患者的预后并提供护理仍然存在问题。为了解决这一重大公共卫生问题，有必要将研究工作重新聚焦于这一人群，以预防老年人的TBI，并识别独特的护理需求，以促进患者获得最佳预后。
