Ullah Sana, Li Zhongqiu, Hassan Said, Ahmad Shahid, Guo Xinle, Wanghe Kunyuan, Nabi Ghulam
Animal Behavior and Conservation Lab., School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China; Department of Zoology, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
Animal Behavior and Conservation Lab., School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Nov 30;228:113032. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113032.
The construction of hydropower projects discharges effluents to aquatic bodies. The effluents consist of different chemicals including heavy metals. The current study assessed the effects of effluents discharged from an under-construction hydropower project on the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the tissues of critically endangered Tor putitora (Hamilton, 1822) in the river Panjkora. The subsequent toxic impacts of higher bioaccumulation of heavy metals on different biochemical, hematological, and serum biochemical profiles were also studied. Different biochemical changes were observed in the tissues of T. putitora including stress biomarkers such as reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, total protein contents, antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, glutathione reductase, and glutathione-s-transferase), acetylcholinesterase, and whole-body cortisol. The hematotoxic effects were also observed as the count of red blood cells, hematocrit, and hemoglobin decreased whereas the count of white blood cells increased. Serum biochemical analysis revealed that cholesterol, urea, total bilirubin, and glucose concentration increased, whereas total proteins and albumin decreased with an increase in the concentration of heavy metals across the sampling sites. The fish from the river was found to be under severe stress as compared to the fish from the reference site. To mitigate the current scenario, stocking fish in an appropriate amount is suggested. The fish diversity and water quality should be assessed at regular intervals to avoid further deterioration and diversity loss. The safety and conservation of wild fisheries should be ensured by implementing strict environmental protection and fishing laws.
水电项目的建设会向水体排放废水。这些废水中含有包括重金属在内的不同化学物质。本研究评估了一个在建水电项目排放的废水对潘杰科拉河中极度濒危的印度鲃（Tor putitora，汉密尔顿，1822年）组织中重金属生物累积的影响。还研究了重金属生物累积量增加对不同生化、血液学和血清生化指标的后续毒性影响。在印度鲃的组织中观察到了不同的生化变化，包括应激生物标志物，如活性氧、脂质过氧化、总蛋白含量、抗氧化酶（过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、还原型谷胱甘肽、谷胱甘肽还原酶和谷胱甘肽 - S - 转移酶）、乙酰胆碱酯酶和全身皮质醇。还观察到了血液毒性作用，即红细胞计数、血细胞比容和血红蛋白下降，而白细胞计数增加。血清生化分析表明，随着采样点重金属浓度的增加，胆固醇、尿素、总胆红素和葡萄糖浓度升高，而总蛋白和白蛋白降低。与参考点的鱼相比，发现来自该河流的鱼处于严重应激状态。为缓解当前情况，建议适量投放鱼苗。应定期评估鱼类多样性和水质，以避免进一步恶化和多样性丧失。应通过实施严格的环境保护和捕鱼法律来确保野生渔业的安全和保护。
