Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021 Dec;46:297-304. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.740. Epub 2021 Oct 5.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Short chain fatty acid (SCFAs) are bacterially derived metabolites suggested to have protective roles against colorectal cancer (CRC) development. However, there is sparse evidence from epidemiological studies in this context. Here, we assessed whether circulating SCFA concentrations varied in patients with colorectal adenomas (CRA) and CRC.
Levels of seven SCFAs were extracted from plasma samples and determined by gas chromatography for 213 individuals from Ireland and the Czech Republic (CRC, n = 84; CRA, n = 66; controls, n = 63).
In the Irish CRA/CRC cohort, only levels of 2-MethylButyric acid were significantly higher in cancers compared to the adenoma and control groups (p-values = 0.016 and 0.043). Using regression analysis, we observed that levels of Acetic and Propionic acid were associated with an increased CRC risk in the Czech cohort (Odd Ratio (OR): 1.02; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.00-1.03; OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.05-1.59, respectively), while i-Valeric and Valeric acid levels were associated with a decreased cancer risk (OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86-0.99; OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.44-1.00). In the Irish cohort, levels of SCFAs were not associated with CRC risk.
The association with colorectal neoplasia varied between the studied SCFAs. Future studies need to confirm these findings and address the mechanism of how these acids may promote or prevent colorectal carcinogenesis.
短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）是细菌衍生的代谢产物，被认为对结直肠癌（CRC）的发展具有保护作用。然而，在这方面，来自流行病学研究的证据很少。在这里，我们评估了结直肠腺瘤（CRA）和 CRC 患者的循环 SCFA 浓度是否存在差异。
从来自爱尔兰和捷克共和国的 213 名个体（CRC，n=84；CRA，n=66；对照组，n=63）的血浆样本中提取并通过气相色谱法测定七种 SCFA 的水平。
在爱尔兰的 CRA/CRC 队列中，仅 2-甲基丁酸的水平在癌症与腺瘤和对照组相比显著更高（p 值分别为 0.016 和 0.043）。使用回归分析，我们观察到在捷克队列中，乙酸和丙酸的水平与 CRC 风险增加相关（比值比（OR）：1.02；95%置信区间（CI）：1.00-1.03；OR：1.29；95%CI：1.05-1.59），而异戊酸和戊酸水平与癌症风险降低相关（OR：0.92；95%CI：0.86-0.99；OR：0.67；95%CI：0.44-1.00）。在爱尔兰队列中，SCFA 水平与 CRC 风险无关。
所研究的 SCFA 与结直肠肿瘤的相关性存在差异。未来的研究需要证实这些发现，并解决这些酸可能促进或预防结直肠癌变的机制。
