van Vorstenbosch Robert, Cheng Hao Ran, Jonkers Daisy, Penders John, Schoon Erik, Masclee Ad, van Schooten Frederik-Jan, Smolinska Agnieszka, Mujagic Zlatan
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, 6227 AP Maastricht, The Netherlands.
NUTRIM, School of Nutrition & Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6227 AP Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Metabolites. 2022 Dec 30;13(1):55. doi: 10.3390/metabo13010055.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been associated with changes in volatile metabolic profiles in several human biological matrices. This enables its non-invasive detection, but the origin of these volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their relation to the gut microbiome are not yet fully understood. This systematic review provides an overview of the current understanding of this topic. A systematic search using PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science according to PRISMA guidelines resulted in seventy-one included studies. In addition, a systematic search was conducted that identified five systematic reviews from which CRC-associated gut microbiota data were extracted. The included studies analyzed VOCs in feces, urine, breath, blood, tissue, and saliva. Eight studies performed microbiota analysis in addition to VOC analysis. The most frequently reported dysregulations over all matrices included short-chain fatty acids, amino acids, proteolytic fermentation products, and products related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle and Warburg metabolism. Many of these dysregulations could be related to the shifts in CRC-associated microbiota, and thus the gut microbiota presumably contributes to the metabolic fingerprint of VOC in CRC. Future research involving VOCs analysis should include simultaneous gut microbiota analysis.
结直肠癌（CRC）与多种人体生物基质中挥发性代谢谱的变化有关。这使得其非侵入性检测成为可能，但这些挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的来源及其与肠道微生物群的关系尚未完全明确。本系统综述概述了目前对该主题的理解。根据PRISMA指南，通过PubMed、Embase、Medline、Cochrane图书馆和科学网进行系统检索，最终纳入了71项研究。此外，还进行了一项系统检索，确定了5篇系统综述，并从中提取了与CRC相关的肠道微生物群数据。纳入的研究分析了粪便、尿液、呼出气体、血液、组织和唾液中的VOCs。8项研究除了进行VOC分析外，还进行了微生物群分析。在所有基质中最常报告的失调包括短链脂肪酸、氨基酸、蛋白水解发酵产物以及与三羧酸循环和瓦伯格代谢相关的产物。其中许多失调可能与CRC相关微生物群的变化有关，因此肠道微生物群可能对CRC中VOC的代谢指纹有贡献。未来涉及VOC分析的研究应包括同时进行肠道微生物群分析。
