Cashman Kevin D
Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Endocr Connect. 2022 Jan 11;11(1):e210282. doi: 10.1530/EC-21-0282.
Internationally, concern has been repeatedly raised about the little notable progress in the collection, analysis and use of population micronutrient status and deficiency data globally. The need for representative status and intake data for vitamin D has been highlighted as a research priority for well over a decade.
A narrative review which aims to provide a summary and assessment of vitamin D nutritional status data globally. This review divides the world into the Food and Agriculture Organisation's (FAO) major regions: the Americas, Europe, Oceania, Africa and Asia. Emphasis was placed on published data on the prevalence of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) < 25/30 and <50 nmol/L (reflecting vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy, respectively) as well as vitamin D intake, where possible from nationally representative surveys.
Collating data from the limited number of available representative surveys from individual countries might suggest a relatively low overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in South America, Oceania and North America, whereas there is more moderate prevalence in Europe and Asia, and possibly Africa. Overall, the prevalence of serum 25(OH)D < 25/30 and <50 nmol/L ranges from ~5 to 18% and 24 to 49%, respectively, depending on FAO world region. Usual intakes of vitamin D can also vary by FAO world region, but in general, with a few exceptions, there are very high levels of inadequacy of vitamin D intake.
While the burden of vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy varies by world regions and not just by UVB availability, the global burden overall translates into enormous numbers of individuals at risk.
在国际上，人们多次对全球人群微量营养素状况及缺乏数据的收集、分析和使用方面进展甚微表示关注。十多年来，获取具有代表性的维生素D状况和摄入量数据的需求一直被视为研究重点。
进行一项叙述性综述，旨在对全球维生素D营养状况数据进行总结和评估。本综述将世界划分为联合国粮食及农业组织（粮农组织）的主要区域：美洲、欧洲、大洋洲、非洲和亚洲。重点关注已发表的关于血清25-羟基维生素D（25(OH)D）<25/30和<50 nmol/L（分别反映维生素D缺乏和不足）的患病率数据，以及在可能的情况下来自具有全国代表性调查的维生素D摄入量数据。
整理来自个别国家有限数量的现有代表性调查数据可能表明，南美洲、大洋洲和北美洲维生素D缺乏的总体患病率相对较低，而欧洲和亚洲以及可能非洲的患病率则较为适中。总体而言，血清25(OH)D<25/30和<50 nmol/L的患病率分别在约5%至18%和24%至49%之间，具体取决于粮农组织的世界区域。维生素D的通常摄入量也可能因粮农组织的世界区域而异，但总体而言，除少数例外，维生素D摄入量严重不足的情况非常普遍。
虽然维生素D缺乏和不足的负担因世界区域而异，不仅仅取决于紫外线B的可获得性，但全球总体负担意味着大量个体面临风险。
