Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Sarita Vihar, Delhi-Mathura Road, 110044 New Delhi, India.
Osteoporos Int. 2009 Nov;20(11):1807-20. doi: 10.1007/s00198-009-0954-6. Epub 2009 Jun 19.
This review describes the vitamin D status in different regions of the world with the objective of understanding the scope of hypovitaminosis D and the factors related to its prevalence that may contribute to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and fragility fractures.
Vitamin D status has been linked to the pathogenesis of hip fractures as well as other skeletal and non-skeletal disorders. The purpose of this review is to provide a global perspective of vitamin D status across different regions of the world and to identify the common and significant determinants of hypovitaminosis D.
Six regions of the world were reviewed-Asia, Europe, Middle East and Africa, Latin America, North America, and Oceania-through a survey of published literature.
The definition of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, as well as assay methodology for 25-hydroxyvitamin D or 25(OH)D, vary between studies. However, serum 25(OH)D levels below 75 nmol/L are prevalent in every region studied whilst levels below 25 nmol/L are most common in regions such as South Asia and the Middle East. Older age, female sex, higher latitude, winter season, darker skin pigmentation, less sunlight exposure, dietary habits, and absence of vitamin D fortification are the main factors that are significantly associated with lower 25(OH)D levels.
Reports from across the world indicate that hypovitaminosis D is widespread and is re-emerging as a major health problem globally.
本综述描述了世界各地的维生素 D 状况，旨在了解维生素 D 缺乏症的范围以及与维生素 D 缺乏症的流行相关的因素，这些因素可能导致骨质疏松症和脆性骨折的发病机制。
维生素 D 状况与髋部骨折以及其他骨骼和非骨骼疾病的发病机制有关。本综述的目的是提供世界各地维生素 D 状况的全球视角，并确定导致维生素 D 缺乏症的常见和重要决定因素。
通过对已发表文献的调查，对亚洲、欧洲、中东和非洲、拉丁美洲、北美洲和大洋洲等六个地区进行了综述。
维生素 D 不足和缺乏的定义以及 25-羟维生素 D 或 25(OH)D 的检测方法在不同的研究中有所不同。然而，在每个研究的地区，血清 25(OH)D 水平低于 75nmol/L 很常见，而在南亚和中东等地区，水平低于 25nmol/L 更为常见。年龄较大、女性、较高的纬度、冬季、较深的皮肤色素沉着、较少的阳光照射、饮食习惯以及缺乏维生素 D 强化是与较低 25(OH)D 水平显著相关的主要因素。
来自世界各地的报告表明，维生素 D 缺乏症广泛存在，并且正在重新成为全球的一个主要健康问题。
