Amundson Collin J, Sias Jeri J, Frietze Gabriel A
School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX.
School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX.
J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2022 Jul-Aug;62(4S):S17-S21.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2021.11.003. Epub 2021 Nov 5.
Compared with nationwide averages, Hispanic individuals have experienced lower routine vaccination rates and have been disproportionately hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Few, if any, studies have examined the health beliefs surrounding the COVID-19 vaccines and adult vaccines among this population.
This study aimed to (1) describe perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines in a predominantly Hispanic patient population in a federally qualified health center (FQHC) situated on the United States-Mexico border and (2) compare patient confidence in recommendations made by local clinic and government to obtain adult and COVID-19 vaccines.
A bilingual (English or Spanish) written survey was administered to participants recruited from a convenience sample of patients in waiting areas of 4 clinic sites in an FQHC system on the Texas-Mexico border between March and May 2021. Survey items were derived from the Health Belief Model and captured beliefs surrounding perceived effectiveness, perceived harms, protection from the influenza vaccine, trust in the local clinic, and trust in the government.
A total of 58 participants aged 19-90 years, with a mean age of 57.28 years, completed the survey between March and May 2021, with 77.6% of respondents indicating they would accept a COVID-19 vaccine for themselves. Results revealed a trend among older adults in the study cohort to be more likely to trust the government in recommending vaccines than younger adults (r = 0.33, P ≤ 0.05) and a tendency toward higher vaccine acceptance among male survey participants (P = 0.026). The highest correlation that emerged was between perceived trust in local clinic provider and the perceived effectiveness of vaccines (r = 0.74, P < 0.01).
Trends related to perceptions of adult vaccines among Hispanic patients extend to the COVID-19 vaccines: especially trust in local clinic providers. Increased age may correlate to higher trust in a government-recommended vaccine. Results highlight the importance of the pharmacist giving the patient a clear recommendation to receive vaccination and strong local clinic messaging.
与全国平均水平相比，西班牙裔个体的常规疫苗接种率较低，且因2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）住院的比例过高。很少有研究（如果有的话）探讨过该人群中围绕COVID-19疫苗和成人疫苗的健康观念。
本研究旨在（1）描述位于美国-墨西哥边境的一家联邦合格健康中心（FQHC）中以西班牙裔患者为主的人群对COVID-19疫苗的看法，以及（2）比较患者对当地诊所和政府关于接种成人疫苗及COVID-19疫苗建议的信任度。
2021年3月至5月期间，对从德克萨斯-墨西哥边境的FQHC系统中4个诊所地点候诊区的患者便利样本中招募的参与者进行了双语（英语或西班牙语）书面调查。调查项目源自健康信念模型，涵盖了围绕感知有效性、感知危害、流感疫苗防护、对当地诊所的信任以及对政府的信任等信念。
共有58名年龄在19至90岁之间、平均年龄为57.28岁的参与者在2021年3月至5月期间完成了调查，77.6%的受访者表示他们会为自己接种COVID-19疫苗。结果显示，研究队列中的老年人比年轻人更有可能信任政府在推荐疫苗方面的建议（r = 0.33，P≤0.05），并且男性调查参与者的疫苗接受度倾向更高（P = 0.026）。出现的最高相关性是在对当地诊所提供者的感知信任与疫苗的感知有效性之间（r = 0.74，P < 0.01）。
西班牙裔患者中与成人疫苗看法相关的趋势延伸至COVID-19疫苗：特别是对当地诊所提供者的信任。年龄增长可能与对政府推荐疫苗的更高信任相关。结果凸显了药剂师向患者明确建议接种疫苗以及当地诊所进行有力宣传的重要性。
