Luningham Justin M, Akpan Idara N, Taskin Tanjila, Alkhatib Sarah, Vishwanatha Jamboor K, Thompson Erika L
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
Department of Health Behavior and Health Systems, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Apr 15;11(4):848. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11040848.
The COVID-19 pandemic has been a global public health concern since early 2020 and has required local and state-level responses in the United States. There were several Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved vaccines available for the prevention of COVID-19 as of August 2022, yet not all states have achieved high vaccination coverage. Texas is a particularly unique state with a history of opposing vaccination mandates, as well as a large and ethnically/racially diverse population. This study explored the demographic and psychosocial correlates of COVID-19 vaccinations among a statewide sample in Texas. A quota sample of 1089 individuals was surveyed online from June-July 2022. The primary outcome in this study was COVID-19 vaccination status (fully vaccinated, partially vaccinated, or unvaccinated) and included independent variables related to demographics, COVID-19 infection/vaccine attitudes and beliefs, and challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Hispanic/Latinx individuals were more likely than non-Hispanic White individuals to be partially vaccinated as opposed to unvaccinated. Higher education levels and confidence that the FDA would ensure a safe COVID-19 vaccine were strongly associated with a higher likelihood of being fully vaccinated. In addition, some challenges brought on by the pandemic and concerns about becoming infected or infecting others were associated with a higher likelihood of being partially or fully vaccinated. These findings emphasize the need to further investigate the interaction between individual and contextual factors in improving COVID-19 vaccination rates, especially among vulnerable and disadvantaged populations.
自2020年初以来，新冠疫情一直是全球公共卫生关注的焦点，美国的地方和州层面都需要做出应对。截至2022年8月，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）已批准了几种用于预防新冠的疫苗，但并非所有州都实现了高疫苗接种覆盖率。德克萨斯州是一个特别独特的州，有着反对疫苗强制令的历史，并且人口众多、种族/民族多样化。本研究探讨了德克萨斯州全州样本中新冠疫苗接种的人口统计学和社会心理相关因素。2022年6月至7月，对1089名个体进行了在线配额抽样调查。本研究的主要结果是新冠疫苗接种状况（完全接种、部分接种或未接种），并纳入了与人口统计学、新冠感染/疫苗态度和信念以及与新冠疫情相关挑战有关的自变量。西班牙裔/拉丁裔个体相较于非西班牙裔白人个体，更有可能是部分接种而非未接种。高等教育水平以及对FDA会确保新冠疫苗安全的信心与完全接种的可能性更高密切相关。此外，疫情带来的一些挑战以及对感染或传染他人的担忧与部分接种或完全接种的可能性更高有关。这些发现强调了进一步研究个体因素与背景因素之间的相互作用对提高新冠疫苗接种率的必要性，尤其是在弱势群体和处境不利的人群中。
