Instituto de Pesquisas Hidráulicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91509900, Brazil.
Instituto de Pesquisas Hidráulicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91509900, Brazil.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Feb 20;808:152134. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152134. Epub 2021 Dec 2.
Major land use and land cover changes (LULCC) have taken place in Brazil, including large scale conversion of forest to agriculture. LULCC alters surface-atmosphere interactions, changing the timing and magnitude of energy fluxes, impacting the partitioning of available energy, and therefore the climate and water balance. The objective of this work was to provide a detailed analysis of how LULCC has affected surface-atmosphere interactions over the Brazilian territory, particularly focusing on impacts on precipitation (P), evapotranspiration (ET), and atmospheric humidity (h). Our systematic review yielded 61 studies, with the Amazon being the most studied biome followed by the Cerrado. P was the most analyzed variable, followed by ET. Few papers analyzed LULCC impacts on h. For the Amazon biome, decreasing dry season P and in annual ET were reported. In the Cerrado biome, decreasing P in the wet and dry seasons and decreasing dry season ET were the most common result. For the Atlantic Forest biome, increasing annual P and increasing wet season ET, likely due to reforestation, were reported. Few studies documented LULCC impacts on surface-atmosphere interactions over the Brazilian biomes Caatinga, Pantanal and Pampa. Therefore, new research is needed to assess impacts of LULCC on these biomes, including assessments of atmospheric moisture recycling, and interactions of LULCC with global climate and climate extremes including droughts.
巴西发生了重大的土地利用和土地覆盖变化（LULCC），包括大规模将森林转换为农业用地。LULCC 改变了地表-大气相互作用，改变了能量通量的时间和幅度，影响了可用能量的分配，从而影响了气候和水分平衡。本工作的目的是详细分析 LULCC 如何影响巴西境内的地表-大气相互作用，特别是对降水（P）、蒸散（ET）和大气湿度（h）的影响。我们的系统评价共获得了 61 项研究，其中亚马逊地区是研究最多的生物群落，其次是塞拉多。P 是分析最多的变量，其次是 ET。很少有论文分析 LULCC 对 h 的影响。对于亚马逊生物群落，报告称旱季 P 和年 ET 减少。在塞拉多生物群落中，最常见的结果是湿季和干季 P 减少，干季 ET 减少。对于大西洋森林生物群落，报告称年 P 增加和湿季 ET 增加，这可能是由于重新造林。很少有研究记录了 LULCC 对巴西生物群落（如卡廷加、潘塔纳尔和潘帕斯）的地表-大气相互作用的影响。因此，需要开展新的研究来评估 LULCC 对这些生物群落的影响，包括对大气水分再循环的评估，以及 LULCC 与全球气候和气候极端事件（包括干旱）的相互作用。
