Xu Shaoqing, Yang Xiaodong, Qian Yiwei, Luo Qian, Song Yanyan, Xiao Qin
Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.
Core Facility of School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
Neurotoxicology. 2022 Jan;88:216-223. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.12.001. Epub 2021 Dec 2.
There is evidence that environmental factors contribute to the onset and progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). Pesticides are a class of environmental toxins that are linked to increased risk of developing PD. However, few studies have investigated the association between specific pesticides and PD, especially in China, which was one of the first countries to adopt the use of pesticides.
In this study, serum levels of 19 pesticides were measured in 90 patients with PD and 90 healthy spouse controls. We also analyzed the interaction between specific pesticides and PD. In addition, the association between pesticides and clinical features of PD was also investigated. Finally, we investigated the underlying mechanism of the association between pesticides and PD.
Serum levels of organochlorine pesticides, which included α-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), β-HCH, γ-HCH, δ-HCH, propanil, heptachlor, dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and o,p'-dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane were higher in PD patients than controls. Moreover, α-HCH and propanil levels were associated with PD. Serum levels of dieldrin were associated with Hamilton Depression Scale and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores in PD patients. In SH-SY5Y cells, α-HCH and propanil increased level of reactive oxygen species and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, propanil, but not α-HCH, induced the aggregation of α-synuclein.
This study revealed that elevated serum levels of α-HCH and propanil were associated with PD. Serum levels of dieldrin were associated with depression and cognitive function in PD patients. Moreover, propanil, but not α-HCH, induced the aggregation of α-synuclein. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the effects of pesticides on PD.
有证据表明环境因素会促使帕金森病（PD）的发病和进展。农药是一类环境毒素，与患帕金森病风险增加有关。然而，很少有研究调查特定农药与帕金森病之间的关联，尤其是在中国，中国是最早使用农药的国家之一。
在本研究中，测量了90例帕金森病患者和90名健康配偶对照者血清中19种农药的水平。我们还分析了特定农药与帕金森病之间的相互作用。此外，还研究了农药与帕金森病临床特征之间的关联。最后，我们探究了农药与帕金森病之间关联的潜在机制。
帕金森病患者血清中有机氯农药水平较高，这些有机氯农药包括α-六氯环己烷（HCH）、β-六氯环己烷、γ-六氯环己烷、δ-六氯环己烷、敌稗、七氯、狄氏剂、六氯苯、对，对'-二氯二苯三氯乙烷和邻，对'-二氯二苯三氯乙烷。此外，α-六氯环己烷和敌稗水平与帕金森病有关。狄氏剂血清水平与帕金森病患者的汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分和蒙特利尔认知评估得分有关。在SH-SY5Y细胞中，α-六氯环己烷和敌稗增加了活性氧水平并降低了线粒体膜电位。此外，敌稗而非α-六氯环己烷诱导了α-突触核蛋白的聚集。
本研究表明，血清中α-六氯环己烷和敌稗水平升高与帕金森病有关。狄氏剂血清水平与帕金森病患者的抑郁和认知功能有关。此外，敌稗而非α-六氯环己烷诱导了α-突触核蛋白的聚集。需要进一步研究以充分阐明农药对帕金森病的影响。
