Biotech Research Institute, Grape King Bio, Taoyuan, 32542, Taiwan.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2021 Dec 5;21(1):295. doi: 10.1186/s12906-021-03463-3.
Sleep disruption is a major public health issue and may increase the risk of mortality by ten-folds if an individual is sleeping less than 6 h per night. Sleep has changed dramatically during to the COVID-19 pandemic because COVID symptoms can lead to psychological distress including anxiety. Hericium erinaceus mycelium has been widely investigated in both the in vivo studies and clinical trials for its neuroprotective functions because the mycelium contains hericenones and erinacines, which synthesize the nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Recent in vivo reports have shown showed that erinacine A-enriched Hericium erinaceus mycelium can modulate BDNF/TrkB/PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathways to induce an antidepressant-like effect. A large body of evidence indicates that erinacine can pass the blood-brain barrier and suggests its neuroprotective function in both peripheral and central nervous systems. Thus, Hericium erinaceus mycelium may be a dual-function supplement for sleep disruption improvement while sustaining anxiolytic effects.
To simulate the condition of sleep disruption, the mice were subjected to the tail suspension test (TST) for 15 min every day during the same period for nine consecutive days. Two different doses (75 and 150 mg/kg) of Hericium erinaceus mycelium were administered orally 20 min prior to the TSTs before entering the light period of 12:12 h L:D cycle. All sleep-wake recording was recorded for 24 h using electroencephalogram and electromyogram. The elevated-plus-maze and open-field tests were conducted to record the behavior activities.
Consecutive TSTs prior to the light period could cause significant sleep disturbance and anxiety behavior in the elevated-plus-maze experiments. Results showed that administration with Hericium erinaceus mycelium at 150 mg/kg ameliorated the rodent anxiety (p < 0.05) and reversed the TST-induced NREM sleep disturbance in the dark period.
This is the first in vivo study suggesting that Hericium erinaceus mycelium has a dual potential role for anxiety relief through improving sleep disruptions.
睡眠障碍是一个主要的公共卫生问题，如果一个人每晚睡眠少于 6 小时，其死亡率可能增加十倍。由于 COVID 症状会导致焦虑等心理困扰，因此 COVID-19 大流行期间睡眠发生了巨大变化。由于菌丝体含有灵芝酮和灵芝烯酸，可合成神经生长因子和脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF），因此，对其进行了广泛的体内研究和临床试验，以研究其神经保护功能。最近的体内报告表明，富含灵芝烯酸 A 的灵芝菌丝体可以调节 BDNF/TrkB/PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β 途径，诱导抗抑郁样作用。大量证据表明，灵芝烯酸可以穿过血脑屏障，并表明其在外周和中枢神经系统中的神经保护作用。因此，灵芝菌丝体可能是一种改善睡眠障碍同时维持抗焦虑作用的双重功能补充剂。
为了模拟睡眠障碍的情况，在连续 9 天的每天同一时间，将小鼠进行 15 分钟的尾部悬挂测试（TST）。在进入 12：12 小时光暗循环的光期之前，以 75 和 150mg/kg 的两种不同剂量经口给予灵芝菌丝体 20 分钟，然后进行 TST。使用脑电图和肌电图记录 24 小时的所有睡眠-觉醒记录。在高架十字迷宫和旷场实验中记录行为活动。
在光期之前进行连续的 TST 会导致高架十字迷宫实验中的睡眠障碍和焦虑行为显著增加。结果表明，以 150mg/kg 给予灵芝菌丝体可改善啮齿动物的焦虑（p<0.05），并逆转黑暗期 TST 引起的 NREM 睡眠障碍。
这是第一项体内研究表明，灵芝菌丝体具有通过改善睡眠障碍缓解焦虑的双重潜力。
