Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology, Pavia Poison Centre, National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Nutrients. 2022 Mar 11;14(6):1177. doi: 10.3390/nu14061177.
Phenotypic frailty is characterized by a progressive decline in physical functioning. During ageing, morphological and functional alterations involve the brain, and chief theories involve oxidative stress, free radical accumulation, and reduced antioxidant defenses as the most implicated mechanisms. From boosting the immune system to fighting senescence, medicinal mushrooms have been found to have a number of health and longevity benefits. Among them, (He) has been demonstrated to display a variety of physiological effects, including anti-aging properties. Thus, He represents an attractive natural source for developing novel medicines and functional foods, based on the identification of its active ingredients and metabolites. Particularly, primordium (He2) extract contains a high amount of Ergothioneine (ERGO), the longevity vitamin. Herein, we revealed the preventive effect of ERGO-rich He2 extract in a preclinical model, focusing on locomotor decline during ageing monitored through spontaneous behavioral test. This effect was accompanied by a significant decrease in some oxidative stress markers (NOS2, COX2) paralleled by an increase in P53, showed in cerebellar cortex cells and fibres by immunohistochemistry. In summary, we demonstrated the neuro-protective and preventive effects of He2 extract during aging, probably due to its peculiarly high ERGO content.
表型脆弱是指身体功能逐渐下降。随着年龄的增长，大脑会发生形态和功能的改变，其中氧化应激、自由基积累和抗氧化防御能力降低被认为是最主要的机制。药用蘑菇已被发现具有多种健康和长寿益处，包括增强免疫系统、对抗衰老等。其中，（灰树花）被证明具有多种生理作用，包括抗衰老特性。因此，基于其活性成分和代谢物的鉴定，灰树花代表了开发新型药物和功能性食品的有吸引力的天然来源。特别是，（灰树花）原基（He2）提取物含有大量的长寿维生素——Ergothioneine（ERGO）。在此，我们通过自发行为测试监测到衰老过程中的运动能力下降，在临床前模型中揭示了富含 ERGO 的 He2 提取物的预防作用。这种作用伴随着一些氧化应激标志物（NOS2、COX2）的显著减少，同时免疫组织化学显示小脑皮质细胞和纤维中的 P53 增加。总之，我们证明了 He2 提取物在衰老过程中的神经保护和预防作用，这可能与其特别高的 ERGO 含量有关。
