Majewska Anna, Denis Małgorzata, Jarecka-Bidzińska Ewa, Jaroszewicz Joanna, Krupowicz Wioleta
Department of Spatial Planning and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
Land use policy. 2022 Feb;113:105904. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105904. Epub 2021 Dec 1.
Cities, due to population density and the complexity of human interactions, experience specific problems arising from their functioning in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic. Many scientists who publish their findings in contemporary literature agree on the need to shape pandemic resilient cities by making changes to the functional-spatial structure and preparing cities for rapid revitalization [regeneration] in the post-pandemic period. The main objective of the research is to identify the most important problems regarding service infrastructure deficiencies in the nine medium-sized Polish cities selected for research located in the Warsaw agglomeration, which are well connected with Warsaw. The research was based on: analysis of selected GIS spatial data, demographic data from the Polish Central Statistical Office, surveys among residents, on their needs during pandemic constraints. The focus was on three important aspects of development in the era of the pandemic: access to first-need services, access to greenery and active recreation areas, accessibility and transport efficiency problems. The research revealed changes in the way people travel and do their essential shopping, inadequate cycling infrastructure and problems with the availability of essential services close to where they live. The research programme varies, although the diagnosis and the possibility of transforming the functional-spatial structure of the cities studied as typical medium-sized cities in the impact zone of a large centre dominate. The conclusions provide examples of proposals for tactical urbanism planning solutions that could rapidly improve the quality of residence in a low-budget way. Finally, the proposals and guidelines for creating sustainable pandemic resilient cities are described. The article investigates the aspect of urban resilience related to transport, services, relaxation, while using the method of tactical urbanism as a remedy for cities' pandemic problems.
由于人口密度和人际互动的复杂性，城市在新冠疫情大流行时代的运转中面临着特定问题。许多在当代文献中发表研究成果的科学家一致认为，有必要通过改变功能空间结构并为城市在疫情后时期的快速振兴（再生）做好准备，来打造具有疫情韧性的城市。本研究的主要目标是确定位于华沙城市群、与华沙联系紧密的波兰九个中等规模城市中，与服务基础设施缺陷相关的最重要问题。该研究基于：对选定的地理信息系统空间数据的分析、波兰中央统计局的人口数据、对居民在疫情限制期间需求的调查。重点关注疫情时代发展的三个重要方面：获得基本需求服务的机会、获得绿化和积极休闲区域的机会、可达性和交通效率问题。研究揭示了人们出行和进行基本购物方式的变化、自行车基础设施不足以及居民住所附近基本服务的可获得性问题。研究方案各不相同，不过对所研究城市作为大型中心影响区内典型中等规模城市的功能空间结构进行诊断和改造的可能性占据主导。研究结论提供了战术城市主义规划解决方案的建议示例，这些方案可以以低成本迅速提高居住质量。最后，阐述了创建可持续的具有疫情韧性城市的建议和指导方针。本文研究了与交通、服务、休闲相关的城市韧性方面，同时将战术城市主义方法用作解决城市疫情问题的对策。
