Alsaedi Rulla, McKeirnan Kimberly
Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Spokane, WA.
Diabetes Spectr. 2021 Nov;34(4):399-406. doi: 10.2337/ds21-0014. Epub 2021 Jul 27.
The purpose of this literature review was to identify educational approaches addressing low health literacy for people with type 2 diabetes. Low health literacy can lead to poor management of diabetes, low engagement with health care providers, increased hospitalization rates, and higher health care costs. These challenges can be even more profound among minority populations and non-English speakers in the United States.
A literature search and standard data extraction were performed using PubMed, Medline, and EMBASE databases. A total of 1,914 articles were identified, of which 1,858 were excluded based on the inclusion criteria, and 46 were excluded because of a lack of relevance to both diabetes management and health literacy. The remaining 10 articles were reviewed in detail.
Patients, including ethnic minorities and non-English speakers, who are engaged in diabetes education and health literacy improvement initiatives and ongoing follow-up showed significant improvement in A1C, medication adherence, medication knowledge, and treatment satisfaction. Clinicians considering implementing new interventions to address diabetes care for patients with low health literacy can use culturally tailored approaches, consider ways to create materials for different learning styles and in different languages, engage community health workers and pharmacists to help with patient education, use patient-centered medication labels, and engage instructors who share cultural and linguistic similarities with patients to provide educational sessions.
This literature review identified a variety of interventions that had a positive impact on provider-patient communication, medication adherence, and glycemic control by promoting diabetes self-management through educational efforts to address low health literacy.
本综述的目的是确定针对2型糖尿病患者健康素养低下问题的教育方法。健康素养低下会导致糖尿病管理不善、与医疗服务提供者的互动减少、住院率增加以及医疗成本上升。在美国的少数族裔和非英语使用者中，这些挑战可能更为严峻。
使用PubMed、Medline和EMBASE数据库进行文献检索和标准数据提取。共识别出1914篇文章，其中1858篇根据纳入标准被排除，46篇因与糖尿病管理和健康素养均无关而被排除。对其余10篇文章进行了详细审查。
参与糖尿病教育和健康素养提升计划及持续随访的患者，包括少数族裔和非英语使用者，在糖化血红蛋白（A1C）、药物依从性、用药知识和治疗满意度方面有显著改善。考虑实施新干预措施以解决健康素养低下患者糖尿病护理问题的临床医生，可以采用文化适应性方法，考虑为不同学习方式和不同语言创建材料的方法，让社区卫生工作者和药剂师参与帮助患者教育，使用以患者为中心的药物标签，并聘请与患者有文化和语言相似性的教员提供教育课程。
本综述确定了多种干预措施，这些措施通过教育努力提高健康素养，促进糖尿病自我管理，从而对医患沟通、药物依从性和血糖控制产生了积极影响。
