新冠疫情对撒哈拉以南非洲地区的经济、健康和身体影响：一项横断面调查
Economic, Health and Physical Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic in Sub-Saharan African Regions: A Cross Sectional Survey.
作者信息
Mashige Khathutshelo Percy, Osuagwu Uchechukwu Levi, Ulagnathan Sekar, Ekpenyong Bernadine N, Abu Emmanuel Kwasi, Goson Piwuna Christopher, Langsi Raymond, Nwaeze Obinna, Timothy Chikasirimobi G, Charwe Deborah Donald, Oloruntoba Richard, Miner Chundung Asabe, Ishaya Tanko, Ovenseri-Ogbomo Godwin O, Agho Kingsley E
机构信息
African Vision Research Institute (AVRI), School of Health Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, 3629, South Africa.
Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia.
出版信息
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2021 Nov 27;14:4799-4807. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S324554. eCollection 2021.
PURPOSE
The key preventive measures adopted to minimise the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) had significant health, economic and physical impacts mostly in developing countries. This study evaluated the health, economic and physical impacts of COVID-19 lockdown measures among sub-Saharan African (SSA) population and associated demographic variations.
METHODS
A total of 1970 respondents took part in this web-based cross-sectional survey during the mandatory lockdown period in most SSA. The dependent variables were health (COVID-19 infection, hospitalisation), socioeconomic (lost job, closed down business) and physical impacts (separated from family) of COVID-19. Univariate and bivariate logistic regression analyses were used to explore the factors associated with each of the dependent variables by the four sub-regions (Southern, Western, Central and East Africa).
RESULTS
The respondents were aged 34.1 ± 11.5 years (range: 18-75 years) and mostly men (1099, 55%). 25.9% (n = 511) reported an impact of COVID-19 pandemic with significant regional variations (p < 0.0005, higher proportion were East 36.2% and Southern Africans 30.3%) but no gender (p = 0.334) and age group variations (p > 0.05). Among Central African respondents, more men than women lost their businesses (45.7% versus 14.3%, p = 0.002) and contracted COVID-19 infections (40.0% versus 18.2%, p = 0.024) during the study period. Multivariable analysis revealed that respondents from East (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.42-2.69), Southern (AOR 1.46, 95% CI: 1.09-1.96) and Central Africa (AOR 1.47, 95% CI: 1.06-2.03) reported significantly higher impact of COVID-19. Those who reported family separation during the lockdown were more likely to be older participants (39-48 years, AOR 2.48, 95% CI: 1.11-5.57).
CONCLUSION
One in four SSA respondents, mostly East and Southern Africans, were adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic during the lockdown. Interventions in high-risk populations are needed to reduce the health, socioeconomic and gender disparities in the impacts of COVID-19.
目的
为尽量减少冠状病毒病（COVID-19）传播而采取的关键预防措施，对大多数发展中国家产生了重大的健康、经济和实际影响。本研究评估了撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）人群中COVID-19封锁措施对健康、经济和实际的影响以及相关的人口统计学差异。
方法
在大多数SSA国家的强制封锁期间，共有1970名受访者参与了这项基于网络的横断面调查。因变量包括COVID-19的健康影响（感染、住院）、社会经济影响（失业、生意停业）和实际影响（与家人分离）。采用单变量和双变量逻辑回归分析，按四个次区域（南部、西部、中部和东部非洲）探讨与每个因变量相关的因素。
结果
受访者年龄为34.1±11.5岁（范围：18 - 75岁），男性居多（1099人，占55%）。25.9%（n = 511）报告称受到COVID-19大流行的影响，存在显著的区域差异（p < 0.0005，东部非洲比例较高，为36.2%，南部非洲为30.3%），但无性别差异（p = 0.334）和年龄组差异（p > 0.05）。在中部非洲受访者中，在研究期间，失去生意的男性多于女性（45.7%对14.3%，p = 0.002），感染COVID-19的男性也多于女性（40.0%对18.2%，p = 0.024）。多变量分析显示，来自东部非洲（调整后的优势比[AOR]为1.95，95%置信区间[CI]：1.42 - 2.69）、南部非洲（AOR为1.46，95% CI：1.09 - 1.96）和中部非洲（AOR为1.47，95% CI：1.06 - 2.03）的受访者报告称受COVID-19的影响显著更高。那些在封锁期间报告与家人分离的受访者更可能是年龄较大的参与者（39 - 48岁，AOR为2.48，95% CI：1.11 - 5.57）。
结论
四分之一的SSA受访者，主要是东部和南部非洲人，在封锁期间受到COVID-19大流行的不利影响。需要对高风险人群进行干预，以减少COVID-19影响方面的健康、社会经济和性别差异。
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