Tang Chao, Liu Heng, Fan Yanpeng, He Jiahao, Li Fuqiu, Wang Jin, Hou Yuchuan
Department of Urology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Nov 16;12:778973. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.778973. eCollection 2021.
Bladder cancer is one of most common malignant urinary tract tumor types with high incidence worldwide. In general, transurethral resection of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer followed by intravesical instillation of chemotherapy is the standard treatment approach to minimize recurrence and delay progression of bladder cancer. However, conventional intravesical chemotherapy lacks selectivity for tumor tissues and the concentration of drug is reduced with the excretion of urine, leading to frequent administration and heavy local irritation symptoms. While nanomedicines can overcome all the above shortcomings and adhere to the surface of bladder tumors for a long time, and continuously and efficiently release drugs to bladder cancers. The rapid advances in targeted therapy have led to significant improvements in drug efficacy and precision of targeted drug delivery to eradicate tumor cells, with reduced side-effects. This review summarizes the different available nano-systems of targeted drug delivery to bladder cancer tissues. The challenges and prospects of targeted therapy for bladder cancer are additionally discussed.
膀胱癌是全球发病率较高的最常见的恶性泌尿道肿瘤类型之一。一般来说，非肌层浸润性膀胱癌经尿道切除术后膀胱内灌注化疗是将膀胱癌复发降至最低并延缓其进展的标准治疗方法。然而，传统的膀胱内化疗对肿瘤组织缺乏选择性，且药物浓度会随着尿液排出而降低，导致给药频繁且局部刺激症状严重。而纳米药物可以克服上述所有缺点，长时间附着在膀胱肿瘤表面，并持续有效地向膀胱癌释放药物。靶向治疗的快速发展显著提高了药物疗效和靶向药物递送的精准度，以根除肿瘤细胞，同时减少了副作用。本文综述了目前用于向膀胱癌组织进行靶向药物递送的不同纳米系统。此外，还讨论了膀胱癌靶向治疗面临的挑战和前景。
