Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.
Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Nov 12;11:752304. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.752304. eCollection 2021.
Over the last several years, many advances have been made in understanding the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal cancers. Beginning with being recognized as the first bacterial carcinogen and the causative agent of most gastric cancers, more recent studies have examined the role of enteric microbes in colorectal cancer. In the digestive tract, these communities are numerous and have a complex interrelationship with local immune/inflammatory responses that impact the health of the host. As modifying the microbiome in the stomach has decreased the risk of gastric cancer, modifying the distal microbiome may decrease the risk of colorectal cancers. To date, very few studies have considered the notion that mucosal lymphocyte-dependent immune memory may confound attempts to change the microbial components in these communities. The goal of this review is to consider some of the factors impacting host-microbial interactions that affect colorectal cancer and raise questions about how immune memory responses to the local microbial consortium affect any attempt to modify the composition of the intestinal microbiome.
在过去的几年中，人们对细菌在胃肠道癌症发病机制中的作用有了更多的了解。从被认为是第一种细菌致癌原和大多数胃癌的病原体开始，最近的研究已经研究了肠道微生物在结直肠癌中的作用。在消化道中，这些菌群数量众多，与局部免疫/炎症反应有着复杂的相互关系，这些反应会影响宿主的健康。由于改变胃中的微生物群可以降低胃癌的风险，因此改变远端微生物群可能会降低结直肠癌的风险。迄今为止，很少有研究考虑黏膜淋巴细胞依赖性免疫记忆可能会干扰改变这些菌群中微生物成分的尝试。本综述的目的是考虑一些影响宿主-微生物相互作用的因素，这些因素会影响结直肠癌，并提出关于局部微生物联合体的免疫记忆反应如何影响任何改变肠道微生物组组成的尝试的问题。
