Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Nov 15;11:763591. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.763591. eCollection 2021.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious public health problem worldwide. The combination of various anti-TB drugs is mainly used to treat TB in clinical practice. Despite the availability of effective antibiotics, effective treatment regimens still require long-term use of multiple drugs, leading to toxicity, low patient compliance, and the development of drug resistance. It has been confirmed that immune recognition, immune response, and immune regulation of () determine the occurrence, development, and outcome of diseases after infection. The research and development of TB-specific immunotherapy agents can effectively regulate the anti-TB immune response and provide a new approach toward the combined treatment of TB, thereby preventing and intervening in populations at high risk of TB infection. These immunotherapy agents will promote satisfactory progress in anti-TB treatment, achieving the goal of "ultra-short course chemotherapy." This review highlights the research progress in immunotherapy of TB, including immunoreactive substances, tuberculosis therapeutic vaccines, chemical agents, and cellular therapy.
结核病（TB）是全球严重的公共卫生问题。在临床实践中，多种抗结核药物的联合使用主要用于治疗结核病。尽管有有效的抗生素，有效的治疗方案仍需要长期使用多种药物，导致毒性、患者依从性低和耐药性的发展。已经证实，（）对感染后疾病的发生、发展和结局的免疫识别、免疫反应和免疫调节起着决定性作用。结核特异性免疫治疗药物的研发可以有效地调节抗结核免疫反应，为结核的联合治疗提供新的途径，从而预防和干预结核感染高危人群。这些免疫治疗药物将促进抗结核治疗取得满意的进展，实现“超短程化疗”的目标。本文重点介绍了结核病免疫治疗的研究进展，包括免疫反应物质、结核治疗性疫苗、化学制剂和细胞治疗。
