Department of Architecture, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Front Public Health. 2021 Nov 15;9:775103. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.775103. eCollection 2021.
Walking is the easiest method of physical activity for older people, and current research has demonstrated that the built environment is differently associated with recreational and transport walking. This study modelled the environmental characteristics of three different building density zones in Guangzhou city at low, medium, and high densities, and examined the differences in walking among older people in the three zones. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to investigate the recreational and transport walking time of older people aged 65 years and above for the past week, for a total of three density zones ( = 597) and was analysed as a dependent variable. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) was used to identify 300, 500, 800, and 1,000 m buffers and to assess differences between recreational and transport walking in terms of the built environment [e.g., land-use mix, street connectivity, Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data]. The data were processed and validated using the SPSS software to calculate Pearson's correlation models and stepwise regression models between recreation and transit walking and the built environment. The results found that land use mix and NDVI were positively correlated with transport walking in low-density areas and that transport walking was negatively correlated with roadway mediated centrality (BtE) and Point-of-Interest (PoI) density. Moreover, recreational walking in medium density areas was negatively correlated with self-rated health, road intersection density, and PoI density while positively correlated with educational attainment, population density, land use mix, street connectivity, PoIs density, and NDVI. Transport walking was negatively correlated with land-use mix, number of road crossings while positively correlated with commercial PoI density. Street connectivity, road intersection density, DNVI, and recreational walking in high-density areas showed negative correlations. Moreover, the built environment of older people in Guangzhou differed between recreational and transport walking at different densities. The richness of PoIs has different effects on different types of walking.
步行是老年人最容易进行的身体活动方式，目前的研究表明，建筑环境与休闲和交通步行有不同的关联。本研究构建了广州市低密度、中密度和高密度三个不同建筑密度区的环境特征模型，并研究了三个区域老年人的步行差异。采用国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ）对 65 岁及以上老年人过去一周的休闲和交通步行时间进行调查，共调查了三个密度区（=597），并将其作为因变量进行分析。地理信息系统（GIS）用于识别 300、500、800 和 1000 米缓冲区，并评估建筑环境（如土地利用混合、街道连通性、归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）数据）对休闲和交通步行的差异。使用 SPSS 软件对数据进行处理和验证，计算休闲和交通步行与建筑环境之间的 Pearson 相关模型和逐步回归模型。结果发现，低密区土地利用混合度和 NDVI 与交通步行呈正相关，交通步行与道路中介中心度（BtE）和兴趣点（PoI）密度呈负相关。此外，中密区休闲步行与自评健康、道路交叉口密度和 PoI 密度呈负相关，与受教育程度、人口密度、土地利用混合度、街道连通性、PoI 密度和 NDVI 呈正相关。交通步行与土地利用混合度、交叉口数量呈负相关，与商业 PoI 密度呈正相关。高密区街道连通性、道路交叉口密度、NDVI 和休闲步行呈负相关。此外，广州老年人的建筑环境在不同密度的休闲和交通步行中存在差异。兴趣点的丰富度对不同类型的步行有不同的影响。
