Garcia-Pintos Camila, Riet-Correa Franklin, Menchaca Alejo
Instituto de Reproducción Animal Uruguay, Fundación IRAUy, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Plataforma de Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Nov 12;8:761304. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.761304. eCollection 2021.
This study evaluates whether the foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination increases pregnancy failures in beef cows. A total of 3,379 cows were assigned to two experimental groups to receive ( = 1,722) or not receive ( = 1,657) a FMD vaccine (commercial preparation containing FMD virus, O1 Campos and A24 Cruzeiro) at different gestational age. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed by ultrasonography at vaccination time (Day 0), and the cows were classified by days of pregnancy as follows: (a) <29 days after mating (presumed pregnant cows, = 778), (b) between 30 and 44 days of pregnancy ( = 1,100), (c) 45 and 59 days of pregnancy ( = 553), and (d) between 60 and 90 days of pregnancy ( = 948). Pregnancy failure was determined 30 days after vaccination by a second ultrasound examination. Cows that were vaccinated within 29 days after mating had a 7.8% greater pregnancy failure rate than non-vaccinated cows (44.1%, 163/370 . 36.3%, 148/408, respectively; <0.05). Cows vaccinated between 30 and 44 days of gestation had a pregnancy failure rate greater than non-vaccinated cows (4.9%, 28/576 . 2.5%, 13/524, respectively; <0.05). When cows received the vaccine between days 45 and 90 of gestation no differences in pregnancy failure were observed (0.8%, 6/776 . 1.2%, 9/725, respectively; = NS). Body temperature and local adverse reactions to vaccine inoculation were recorded in a subset of 152 multiparous cows. Hyperthermia (>39.5°C) was detected on Day 1 or 2 in 28.0% (21/75) of vaccinated . 7.8% (6/77) of non-vaccinated cows ( <0.01). Local adverse reaction to the FMD vaccine inoculation increased from 0.0% (0/75) on Day 0, to 15.7% (11/75) on Day 4, and 38.7% (29/75) on Day 10 ( <0.01). On Day 30 local reaction was detected in 10.5% (34/323) and fell to 2.2% on Day 60 (7/323) post vaccination ( <0.01). In conclusion, FMD vaccine increases pregnancy failure when it is administered before 45 days of gestation, an effect that was associated with hyperthermia and local adverse reaction. No effect on pregnancy failure was found when vaccination was performed after 45 days of gestation.
本研究评估口蹄疫（FMD）疫苗接种是否会增加肉牛的妊娠失败率。总共3379头母牛被分为两个实验组，在不同妊娠阶段接受（n = 1722）或不接受（n = 1657）FMD疫苗（含有口蹄疫病毒O1坎波斯株和A24克鲁塞罗株的商业制剂）。在接种疫苗时（第0天）通过超声进行妊娠诊断，母牛按妊娠天数分类如下：（a）配种后<29天（假定怀孕母牛，n = 778），（b）妊娠30至44天（n = 1100），（c）妊娠45至59天（n = 553），以及（d）妊娠60至90天（n = 948）。在接种疫苗30天后通过第二次超声检查确定妊娠失败情况。在配种后29天内接种疫苗的母牛妊娠失败率比未接种疫苗的母牛高7.8%（分别为44.1%，163/370；36.3%，148/408；P<0.05）。在妊娠30至44天接种疫苗的母牛妊娠失败率高于未接种疫苗的母牛（分别为4.9%，28/576；2.5%，13/524；P<0.05）。当母牛在妊娠45至90天之间接种疫苗时，未观察到妊娠失败率的差异（分别为0.8%，6/776；1.2%，9/725；P = NS）。在152头经产母牛的子集中记录了体温和疫苗接种的局部不良反应。接种疫苗的母牛中有28.0%（21/75）在第1天或第2天出现高热（>39.5°C），未接种疫苗的母牛中有7.8%（6/77）出现高热（P<0.01）。对口蹄疫疫苗接种的局部不良反应从第0天的0.0%（0/75）增加到第4天的15.7%（11/75），以及第10天的38.7%（29/75）（P<0.01）。在接种后第30天，局部反应在34/323（10.5%）中被检测到，在第60天降至2.2%（7/323）（P<0.01）。总之，口蹄疫疫苗在妊娠45天之前接种会增加妊娠失败率，这种影响与高热和局部不良反应有关。在妊娠45天之后接种疫苗未发现对妊娠失败有影响。
