Feldberg Carolina, Barreyro Juan Pablo, Tartaglini Maria Florencia, Hermida Paula Daniela, Moya García Lydia, Benetti Laureana, Somale María Verónica, Allegri Ricardo
National Scientific and Technical, Research Council- INEBA, CONICET-INEBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
National Scientific and Technical, Research Council- University of Buenos Aires, CONICET- University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Appl Neuropsychol Adult. 2024 Mar-Apr;31(2):117-127. doi: 10.1080/23279095.2021.2002864. Epub 2021 Dec 6.
Cognitive reserve provides evidence in the search for answers regarding the role that lifestyle has in the protection of cognition in old age. Through a structural equations model, different things were analyzed: the relative weight of education, occupational complexity, free time activities and the intelligence quotient in cognitive reserve; and its impact on three cognitive domains: memory, language and executive functions.
A trail analysis was executed, using structural equations procedure.
167 older participants (mean = 76.74 years, standard deviation = 6.8 years).
Participants were assessed with: Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Occupational Activity Agency Questionnaire, Social Participation Questionnaire and Neuropsychological Evaluation Battery for: memory, language and executive functions.
The cognitive reserve factor is well represented by the measures included, with values between .43 and .86, and shows a direct effect on language ( = .52, < .001), executive functions ( = .77, <.001), and memory ( = .36, = .003).
In conclusion, lifestyle factors, such as education, occupational complexity, leisure time activities and intelligence quotient have an impact on the conformation of cognitive reserve and performance in some psychological processes.
认知储备为探寻生活方式在老年人认知保护中所起作用的答案提供了证据。通过结构方程模型，分析了不同因素：教育程度、职业复杂性、业余活动和智商在认知储备中的相对权重；以及其对三个认知领域的影响：记忆、语言和执行功能。
采用结构方程程序进行路径分析。
167名老年参与者（平均年龄 = 76.74岁，标准差 = 6.8岁）。
使用以下问卷对参与者进行评估：社会人口学问卷、职业活动机构问卷、社会参与问卷以及针对记忆、语言和执行功能的神经心理学评估量表。
所纳入的测量指标能很好地代表认知储备因素，取值在0.43至0.86之间，并且对语言（β = 0.52，p < 0.001）、执行功能（β = 0.77，p < 0.001）和记忆（β = 0.36，p = 0.003）有直接影响。
总之，生活方式因素，如教育程度、职业复杂性、休闲时间活动和智商，对认知储备的形成以及某些心理过程中的表现有影响。
