Al Ghadeer Hussain A, AlSalman Sadiq A, Albaqshi Fatimah M, Alsuliman Safaa R, Alsowailem Fatimah A, Albusror Haidar A, AlAbdi Zainab I, Alwabari Esraa M, Alturaifi Zainab A, AlHajji Ahmed M
Paediatrics, Maternity and Children Hospital, AlAhsa, SAU.
Neurology, King Fahad Hospital-Hofuf, AlAhsa, SAU.
Cureus. 2021 Nov 2;13(11):e19210. doi: 10.7759/cureus.19210. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Background Migraine is a major public health issue that leads to frequent visits to medical care. It is generally considered a disabling disease among individuals below the age of 50 years old predominantly seen in females. Migraine headache has a strong influence on disability, functional impairments, and psychological effects. The majority of the physicians fail to address the degree and extent of impediment caused by a migraine, which contributes to low quality of life and disability. Thus, this study aims to assess the health-related quality of life (QOL) and disability among migraine sufferers in AlAhsa, Saudi Arabia. Material and methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the neurology clinics at King Fahad Hospital-Hofuf, AlAhsa, Saudi Arabia, from May to August 2021. The data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. The migraine-specific quality of life questionnaire (MSQ), version 2.1, was used. MSQ is measured in three domains, including role function restrictive (RR), preventive (RP), and emotional function (EF). Disability related to migraine was assessed by the Migraine Disability Assessment Test (MIDAS). MIDAS classifies disability from no disability to severe disability. Two-tailed with an alpha level of 0.05 considering the significance of a p-value less than or equal to 0.05. The mean scores of QOL domains were compared by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent t-tests. Results A total of 101 out of 359 participants were identified to have a migraine. Eighty-two participants met the inclusion criteria, 75.6% were females. The age of the participants ranged from 18 to more than 45 years with a mean age of 36.4 ± 11.9 years old. The mean score of QOL in the restrictive, preventive, and emotional domains were 46.3% ± 21.5%, 52.1% ± 24.3%, and 61.5% ± 30.8%, respectively. More than half of the participants (57.3%) suffered from a severe disability caused by migraines as compared to 20.7% with a moderate disability. Low QOL scores were associated with females and a significant relationship was found between migraine-associated disability and patients' emotional function in QOL. Conclusion Clinicians should routinely evaluate disability related to migraine and QOL as a complementary approach to migraine patients to ensure that patients are receiving proper treatment and whether additional strategies are needed or not.
偏头痛是一个重大的公共卫生问题，导致患者频繁就医。在50岁以下人群中，偏头痛通常被视为一种致残性疾病，女性更为常见。偏头痛对残疾、功能障碍和心理影响有着强烈的作用。大多数医生未能充分认识到偏头痛所造成的障碍程度和范围，这导致了生活质量低下和残疾。因此，本研究旨在评估沙特阿拉伯艾哈萨地区偏头痛患者的健康相关生活质量（QOL）和残疾情况。
本描述性横断面研究于2021年5月至8月在沙特阿拉伯艾哈萨胡富夫法赫德国王医院的神经科门诊进行。数据通过自填问卷收集。使用了偏头痛特异性生活质量问卷（MSQ）2.1版。MSQ在三个领域进行测量，包括角色功能受限（RR）、预防（RP）和情感功能（EF）。通过偏头痛残疾评估测试（MIDAS）评估与偏头痛相关的残疾情况。MIDAS将残疾分为无残疾到重度残疾。考虑到p值小于或等于0.05的显著性水平，采用双侧检验，α水平为0.05。通过单因素方差分析（ANOVA）和独立t检验比较QOL领域的平均得分。
359名参与者中共有101人被确定患有偏头痛。82名参与者符合纳入标准，其中75.6%为女性。参与者年龄在18岁至45岁以上，平均年龄为36.4±11.9岁。受限、预防和情感领域的QOL平均得分分别为46.3%±21.5%、52.1%±24.3%和61.5%±30.8%。超过一半的参与者（57.3%）因偏头痛患有重度残疾，而中度残疾的比例为20.7%。低QOL得分与女性相关，并且在QOL中发现偏头痛相关残疾与患者的情感功能之间存在显著关系。
临床医生应常规评估与偏头痛相关的残疾和QOL，作为偏头痛患者的补充方法，以确保患者得到适当的治疗以及是否需要额外的策略。
