Alshayban Dhafer
Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
J Family Community Med. 2025 Apr-Jun;32(2):108-116. doi: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_276_24. Epub 2025 Apr 30.
Migraine is a neurological disorder associated with different levels of disability that can impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The management of this condition worsened with the challenges posed by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study sought to evaluate the effects of migraine on HRQoL and identify key factors contributing to these outcomes in migraineurs in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic.
A cross-sectional study was carried out on 198 migraine patients between October 2022 and April 2023. HRQoL was assessed using the EQ-5D-5L comprising five domains. Data was collected by both face-to-face interviews and a self-administered online questionnaire. Categorical variables were described as frequencies and percentages while means with standard deviations or medians with interquartile ranges (IQRs) were computed for continuous variables. Chi-square test was used to assess associations of COVID-19 infection with migraine complications and HRQol.
The majority of the cohort were predominantly females (67.7%), university graduates (79.8%), and unemployed (63.3%). About 53% of migraineurs who reported no COVID-19 infection, indicated an increase in migraine attacks during the pandemic, whereas 51.9% of the participants who had COVID-19 reported an increase in attacks (P = 0.894). Migraineurs aged <30 years reported a significantly higher HRQoL score (median=0.94, IQR = 0.17, P < 0.001). Participants with higher income levels reported better HRQol (median: 0.89). Those with multi-comorbidities (median= 0.84 vs. 0.99, P < 0.05) showed significantly lower HRQoL.
Study highlighted significant impact of COVID-19 on increasing frequency of migraine attacks in individuals infected with COVID-19, which in turn led to a decline in HRQol. Correlates of poor HRQoL included advancing age, low income, presence of multiple comorbidities, and unhealthy body mass index. An urgent intervention to improve the HRQol should be implemented after the pandemic.
偏头痛是一种与不同程度残疾相关的神经系统疾病，会影响健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）。2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行带来的挑战使这种疾病的管理变得更加困难。本研究旨在评估偏头痛对HRQoL的影响，并确定在COVID-19大流行背景下，导致偏头痛患者出现这些结果的关键因素。
2022年10月至2023年4月期间，对198名偏头痛患者进行了一项横断面研究。使用包含五个领域的EQ-5D-5L评估HRQoL。数据通过面对面访谈和自行填写的在线问卷收集。分类变量以频率和百分比描述，连续变量计算均值及标准差或中位数及四分位数间距（IQR）。采用卡方检验评估COVID-19感染与偏头痛并发症及HRQol之间的关联。
该队列中的大多数人主要为女性（67.7%）、大学毕业生（79.8%）且失业（63.3%）。约53%报告未感染COVID-19的偏头痛患者表示，大流行期间偏头痛发作增加，而51.9%感染COVID-19的参与者报告发作增加（P = 0.894）。年龄<30岁的偏头痛患者报告的HRQoL得分显著更高（中位数=0.94，IQR = 0.17，P < 0.001）。收入水平较高的参与者HRQol更好（中位数：0.89）。患有多种合并症的患者（中位数= 0.84对0.99，P < 0.05）HRQoL显著更低。
研究强调了COVID-19对感染COVID-19个体偏头痛发作频率增加有显著影响，这反过来又导致HRQol下降。HRQoL差的相关因素包括年龄增长、低收入、多种合并症的存在以及不健康的体重指数。大流行后应实施紧急干预措施以改善HRQol。
