Chung Seockhoon, Kim Hwa Jung, Ahn Myung Hee, Yeo Sungook, Lee Joohee, Kim Kyumin, Kang Solbi, Suh Sooyeon, Shin Yong-Wook
Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
J Korean Med Sci. 2021 Dec 6;36(47):e319. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e319.
The coronavirus disease 2019, or COVID-19, has had a major psychological impact on healthcare workers. However, very few scales are available to specifically assess work-related stress and anxiety in healthcare workers responding to a viral epidemic. This study developed a new assessment tool, the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 (SAVE-9) and aimed to validate it among healthcare workers directly affected by COVID-19 in Korea.
A total of 1,019 healthcare workers responded through anonymous questionnaires during April 20-30, 2020. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to explore the construct validity, and the reliability was assessed using internal consistency measures of Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was conducted to define the most appropriate cut-off point of SAVE-9 using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale (GAD-7; ≥ 5). Second, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to establish convergent validity for the SAVE-9 questionnaire with GAD-7 and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
The nine-item scale had satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.795). It adopted a two-factor structure: 1) anxiety regarding viral epidemics and 2) work-related stress associated with viral epidemics. A cut-off score of 22 for the SAVE-9 ascertained levels of stress and anxiety in response to a viral epidemic in healthcare workers that warranted clinical attention. Correlations between the SAVE-9 and the other scales were statistically significant ( < 0.05).
The results suggest that the SAVE-9 is a useful, reliable, and valid tool to evaluate stress and anxiety responses in healthcare workers during viral epidemics.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对医护人员产生了重大心理影响。然而，专门用于评估应对病毒流行的医护人员工作相关压力和焦虑的量表非常少。本研究开发了一种新的评估工具——应对病毒流行的压力与焦虑量表9（SAVE-9），旨在在韩国直接受COVID-19影响的医护人员中对其进行验证。
2020年4月20日至30日期间，共有1019名医护人员通过匿名问卷进行了回复。进行探索性因素分析（EFA）以探索结构效度，并使用Cronbach's alpha系数的内部一致性测量来评估信度。使用广泛性焦虑障碍7量表（GAD-7；≥5）进行受试者工作特征分析，以确定SAVE-9的最合适截断点。其次，使用Spearman等级相关系数来建立SAVE-9问卷与GAD-7和患者健康问卷9的收敛效度。
这个九项量表具有令人满意的内部一致性（Cronbach's α = 0.795）。它采用双因素结构：1）对病毒流行的焦虑和2）与病毒流行相关的工作压力。SAVE-9的截断分数为22，确定了医护人员应对病毒流行时的压力和焦虑水平，这些水平值得临床关注。SAVE-9与其他量表之间的相关性具有统计学意义（<0.05）。
结果表明，SAVE-9是评估病毒流行期间医护人员压力和焦虑反应的有用、可靠且有效的工具。
