Chung Seockhoon, Bang Young Rong, Shahrier Mohd Ashik, Hong Youjin, Ahn Junseok
Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 86 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Life Care Center for Cancer Patient, Asan Medical Center Cancer Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Psychiatr Q. 2025 Apr 4. doi: 10.1007/s11126-025-10142-w.
Dysfunctional grief was not addressed adequately during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to develop a dysfunctional pandemic grief model specific to healthcare workers who experienced patient deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an anonymous online survey among 568 nursing professionals who had experienced a patient's death while working at three tertiary-level hospitals. We further assessed psychological status using the Pandemic Grief Scale (PGS) for Healthcare Workers, Pandemic Grief Risk Factors (PGEF), Utrecht Grief Rumination Scale (UGRS), Grief Support HealthCare Scale (GSHCS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Stress and Anxiety in Viral Epidemic-9 (SAVE-9). PGS correlated with PGRF, UGRS, GSHCS, PHQ-9, and SAVE-9 (all p < 0.01). Linear regression analysis revealed that PGRF (𝛽=0.44, p < 0.001), UGRS (𝛽=0.24, p < 0.001), GSHCS (𝛽=-0.09, p = 0.004), and PHQ-9 (𝛽=0.23, p < 0.001) expected pandemic dysfunctional grief. Mediation analysis showed that PGRF directly influenced PGS; UGRS and GSHCS positively and negatively mediated the relationship between PGRF and PGS, respectively. The dysfunctional pandemic grief model shows that it is important to address grief risk factors, manage rumination, and provide effective psychological support to healthcare workers.
在新冠疫情期间，功能失调性悲伤未得到充分关注。本研究旨在构建一个针对在新冠疫情期间经历患者死亡的医护人员的功能失调性疫情悲伤模型。我们对568名在三家三级医院工作时经历过患者死亡的护理专业人员进行了匿名在线调查。我们还使用医护人员疫情悲伤量表（PGS）、疫情悲伤风险因素量表（PGEF）、乌得勒支悲伤反刍量表（UGRS）、悲伤支持医护量表（GSHCS）、患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）以及病毒流行中的压力与焦虑-9（SAVE-9）进一步评估心理状态。PGS与PGRF、UGRS、GSHCS、PHQ-9和SAVE-9均相关（所有p<0.01）。线性回归分析显示，PGRF（β=0.44，p<0.001）、UGRS（β=0.24，p<0.001）、GSHCS（β=-0.09，p=0.004）和PHQ-9（β=0.23，p<0.001）可预测疫情期间的功能失调性悲伤。中介分析表明，PGRF直接影响PGS；UGRS和GSHCS分别正向和负向介导PGRF与PGS之间的关系。功能失调性疫情悲伤模型表明，关注悲伤风险因素、管理反刍情绪以及为医护人员提供有效的心理支持非常重要。
