Khoreva M A
Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia.
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2021;121(10):131-137. doi: 10.17116/jnevro2021121101131.
The second year of the COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) pandemic has seen the need to identify and assess the long-term consequences of a SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) infection on an individual's, including adequate cognitive functioning. This review is attempting to highlight the current understanding of the various direct and indirect mechanisms of nervous system damage, describing the causality of similar symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This understanding is essential to establish the long-term consequences from the disease (including the potential for increased risk of dementia in some cases) and to identify means of preventing or ameliorating the brain damage. There is urgent need for research to better understand the pathogenesis of neurological disturbances in COVID-19, some of which have probably been covert and the prevalence of which may be considerably underestimated. Neuropsychiatric monitoring follow-up of COVID-19 patients will be important in determining the extent and prevalence of long-term neurological and psychiatric consequences of COVID-19. Early intervention for emerging these problems will be critical for improving quality of life for many COVID-19 survivors.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行的第二年，人们认识到有必要识别和评估严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染对个体的长期影响，包括认知功能是否正常。本综述试图强调目前对神经系统损伤的各种直接和间接机制的理解，描述SARS-CoV-2感染后类似症状的因果关系。这种理解对于确定该疾病的长期后果（包括在某些情况下患痴呆症风险增加的可能性）以及确定预防或减轻脑损伤的方法至关重要。迫切需要开展研究，以更好地了解COVID-19中神经功能障碍的发病机制，其中一些可能一直未被发现，其患病率可能被大大低估。对COVID-19患者进行神经精神监测随访，对于确定COVID-19长期神经和精神后果的程度和患病率至关重要。对这些新出现问题的早期干预，对于改善许多COVID-19幸存者的生活质量至关重要。
