Taamallah Amal, Halayem Soumeyya, Rajhi Olfa, Ghazzai Malek, Moussa Mohamed, Touati Maissa, Ayadi Houda Ben Yahia, Ouanes Sami, Abbes Zeineb S, Hajri Melek, Jelili Selima, Fakhfakh Radhouane, Bouden Asma
Hôpital Razi, Manouba, Tunisia.
Faculty of Medicine, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
Front Psychol. 2021 Nov 22;12:643749. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643749. eCollection 2021.
Facial expressions transmit information about emotional state, facilitating communication and regulation in interpersonal relationships. Their acute recognition is essential in social adaptation and lacks among children suffering from autism spectrum disorders. The aim of our study was to validate the "Recognition of Facial Emotions: Tunisian Test for Children" among Tunisian children in order to assess facial emotion recognition in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We conducted a cross-sectional study among neurotypical children from the general population. The final version of or test consisted of a static subtest of 114 photographs and a dynamic subtest of 36 videos expressing the six basic emotions (happiness, anger, sadness, disgust, fear and surprise), presented by actors of different ages and genders. The test items were coded according to Ekman's "Facial Action Coding System" method. The validation study focused on the validity of the content, the validity of the construct and the reliability. We included 116 neurotypical children, from 7 to 12 years old. Our population was made up of 54 boys and 62 girls. The reliability's study showed good internal consistency for each subtest: the Cronbach coefficient was 0.88 for the static subtest and 0.85 for the dynamic subtest. The study of the internal structure through the exploratory factor analysis of the items of emotions and those of intensity showed that the distribution of the items in sub-domains was similar to their theoretical distribution. Age was significantly correlated to the mean of the overall score for both subtests ( < 10). Gender was no significantly correlated to the overall score ( = 0.15). High intensity photographs were better recognized. The emotion of happiness was the most recognized in both subtests. A significant difference between the overall score of the static and dynamic subtest, in favor of the dynamic one, was identified ( < 10). This work provides clinicians with a reliable tool to assess recognition of facial emotions in typically developing children.
面部表情传递有关情绪状态的信息，有助于人际关系中的沟通和调节。对面部表情的敏锐识别在社会适应中至关重要，而自闭症谱系障碍儿童则缺乏这种能力。我们研究的目的是在突尼斯儿童中验证“面部情绪识别：突尼斯儿童测试”，以评估自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童的面部情绪识别能力。我们对来自普通人群的神经典型儿童进行了一项横断面研究。我们测试的最终版本包括一个由114张照片组成的静态子测试和一个由36个视频组成的动态子测试，这些视频表达了六种基本情绪（快乐、愤怒、悲伤、厌恶、恐惧和惊讶），由不同年龄和性别的演员呈现。测试项目根据艾克曼的“面部动作编码系统”方法进行编码。验证研究侧重于内容效度、结构效度和信度。我们纳入了116名7至12岁的神经典型儿童。我们的研究对象包括54名男孩和62名女孩。信度研究表明每个子测试都具有良好的内部一致性：静态子测试的克朗巴赫系数为0.88，动态子测试的克朗巴赫系数为0.85。通过对情绪项目和强度项目的探索性因素分析对内部结构进行的研究表明，子领域中项目的分布与其理论分布相似。年龄与两个子测试的总体得分均值均显著相关（<0.01）。性别与总体得分无显著相关性（P = 0.15）。高强度照片的识别效果更好。快乐情绪在两个子测试中都是最容易被识别的。我们发现静态子测试和动态子测试的总体得分之间存在显著差异，动态子测试得分更高（<0.01）。这项工作为临床医生提供了一种可靠的工具，用于评估正常发育儿童的面部情绪识别能力。
