Essential Oils and Supercritical CO Extracts of Arctic Angelica ( L.), Marsh Labrador Tea () and Common Tansy ()-Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial Activities.

Traditionally, arctic Finnish Angelica ( L.), marsh Labrador tea (, syn. ) and common tansy () have been used as medicinal herbs in folklore medicine. However, these underutilised plants are a source of, e.g., oil-based compounds, which could benefit many modern applications implemented by the green chemistry extraction methods, as well. We extracted Angelica, marsh Labrador tea and common tansy by non-toxic and recyclable extraction methods, i.e., hydrodistillation and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO) extraction; characterised the essential oils (EOs) and scCO extracts by combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and in addition, analysed the antimicrobial properties. As expected for Angelica root and common tansy inflorescence, the scCO extraction method produced less amount of volatile compounds compared to hydrodistillation. On the other hand, more coumarins, alkanes, fatty alcohols and fatty acids were obtained. Additionally, sesquiterpenoids palustrol and ledol were predominant compounds in both marsh Labrador tea EO and scCO extract. According to our results, however, all the EOs and scCO extracts showed broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities against the selected microbes, but the effects were extract-specific. The strongest and broadest antimicrobial activities were performed by marsh Labrador tea scCO extract, which showed extremely strong effect on subsp. and strong effect on .