基于地点的死亡驱动因素：来自移民的证据。
Place-Based Drivers of Mortality: Evidence from Migration.
作者信息
Finkelstein Amy, Gentzkow Matthew, Williams Heidi
机构信息
Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the National Bureau of Economic Research.
Department of Economics, Stanford University, and the National Bureau of Economic Research.
出版信息
Am Econ Rev. 2021 Aug;111(8):2697-2735. doi: 10.1257/aer.20190825.
We estimate the effect of current location on elderly mortality by analyzing outcomes of movers in the Medicare population. We control for movers' origin locations as well as a rich vector of pre-move health measures. We also develop a novel strategy to adjust for remaining unobservables, using the correlation of residual mortality with movers' origins to gauge the importance of omitted variables. We estimate substantial effects of current location. Moving from a 10th to a 90th percentile location would increase life expectancy at age 65 by 1.1 years, and equalizing location effects would reduce cross-sectional variation in life expectancy by 15 percent. Places with favorable life expectancy effects tend to have higher quality and quantity of health care, less extreme climates, lower crime rates, and higher socioeconomic status.
我们通过分析医疗保险人群中迁移者的结果，来估计当前居住地对老年人死亡率的影响。我们控制了迁移者的原居住地以及一系列丰富的迁移前健康指标。我们还开发了一种新颖的策略，利用残余死亡率与迁移者原居住地的相关性来衡量遗漏变量的重要性，以调整剩余的不可观测因素。我们估计出当前居住地有重大影响。从第10百分位的居住地迁移到第90百分位的居住地，会使65岁时的预期寿命增加1.1岁，而均衡居住地效应将使预期寿命的横截面差异减少15%。预期寿命效应良好的地方往往拥有更高质量和数量的医疗保健、不太极端的气候、较低的犯罪率以及较高的社会经济地位。
Zotero 插件