Department of Perinatology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Care, Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey.
J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod. 2022 Feb;51(2):102285. doi: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2021.102285. Epub 2021 Dec 7.
The present study is intended to investigate the causes of stillbirth and its relationship with maternal conditions using the International Classification of Diseases-Perinatal Mortality (ICD-PM) system.
All early and late fetal deaths between 2015 and 2020 were analyzed. Time of death, fetal causes, and the maternal conditions involved were identified using the ICD-PM classification system.
During the study period, out of 74,102 births a total of 475 stillbirths were recorded (6.4 per 1000 births), of which 83.6% of the cases were antepartum and 11.8% were intrapartum fetal deaths, and the time of death could not be determined in 4.6% of the cases. Fetal developmental disorder was the most common cause of antepartum fetal death (24.2%). Intrapartum deaths were mostly due to extremely low birth weight (44.6%). The most common maternal conditions involved were complications of placenta, cord, and membranes (19.8%).
The applicability of the ICD-PM classification system for stillbirths is easy. It was observed that fetal deaths mostly occurred in the antepartum period and the cause of death could not be identified in over half of these antepartum fetal deaths. In over half of the stillbirths, there is at least one maternal condition involved. The most common maternal conditions involved are complications of placenta, cord, and membranes. The most common maternal medical problem is hypertensive diseases of pregnancy.
本研究旨在使用国际疾病分类-围产儿死亡率（ICD-PM）系统探讨死胎的原因及其与母体状况的关系。
分析了 2015 年至 2020 年间所有的早期和晚期胎儿死亡。使用 ICD-PM 分类系统确定死亡时间、胎儿原因和涉及的母体状况。
在研究期间，在 74102 例分娩中，共记录了 475 例死胎（每 1000 例分娩中有 6.4 例），其中 83.6%的病例为产前，11.8%为产时胎儿死亡，4.6%的病例无法确定死亡时间。胎儿发育障碍是产前胎儿死亡的最常见原因（24.2%）。产时死亡主要是由于极低出生体重（44.6%）。最常见的母体状况涉及胎盘、脐带和胎膜并发症（19.8%）。
ICD-PM 分类系统在死胎中的应用简便易行。研究观察到胎儿死亡主要发生在产前，且超过一半的产前胎儿死亡无法确定死因。在超过一半的死胎中至少有一个母体状况涉及。最常见的母体状况涉及胎盘、脐带和胎膜并发症。最常见的母体医疗问题是妊娠高血压疾病。
