Manikandan Soumya Koippully, Elnaggar Attiat, Ahmady Islam M, Tsombou François Mitterand, El-Tarabily Khaled A, Sheteiwy Mohamed S, El-Keblawy Ali
Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
Research Institute of Science and Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 23;15(1):26712. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-04558-4.
Heavy metal contamination with lead poses a critical threat to agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability due to its toxicity, persistence, and bioaccumulative nature. Conventional remediation methods are often expensive and can generate secondary pollution, prompting increased interest in phytoremediation as an eco-friendly alternative. This study investigates the potential of Pantoea agglomerans, an endophytic bacterium isolated from Prosopis juliflora seeds, to enhance the phytoremediation capabilities of Calotropis procera- a plant known for its tolerance and accumulation of heavy metals- grown hydroponically under varying lead concentrations (0-80 mg/L). X-ray fluorescence analysis indicated altered lead distribution and nutrient profiles in C. procera, suggesting possible lead immobilization or detoxification. Hydroponic experiments demonstrated that inoculated plants exhibited improved growth parameters (shoot and root dry weight, leaf dimensions) and higher chlorophyll and carotenoid contents compared to non-inoculated controls. Lead-induced oxidative damage was mitigated in Pantoea-treated plants, as evidenced by lower hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels, along with elevated activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and guaiacol peroxidase). Enhanced proline and protein contents further indicated improved stress tolerance and metabolic stability. This study highlights endophyte-assisted phytoremediation as a cost-effective, sustainable solution for lead-contaminated environments, with potential applications in large-scale remediation efforts.
铅的重金属污染因其毒性、持久性和生物累积性，对农业生产力和环境可持续性构成了严重威胁。传统的修复方法通常成本高昂，还会产生二次污染，这促使人们对植物修复作为一种环保替代方法的兴趣日益增加。本研究调查了从朱缨花种子中分离出的内生细菌成团泛菌，在不同铅浓度（0 - 80毫克/升）水培条件下，增强以耐受和积累重金属而闻名的牛角瓜的植物修复能力的潜力。X射线荧光分析表明，牛角瓜中铅的分布和养分状况发生了变化，这表明可能存在铅的固定或解毒作用。水培实验表明，与未接种的对照相比，接种植物的生长参数（地上部和根部干重、叶片尺寸）有所改善，叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量更高。在成团泛菌处理的植物中，铅诱导的氧化损伤得到缓解，过氧化氢和丙二醛水平降低，抗氧化酶（过氧化氢酶和愈创木酚过氧化物酶）活性升高证明了这一点。脯氨酸和蛋白质含量的增加进一步表明胁迫耐受性和代谢稳定性得到改善。本研究强调了内生菌辅助植物修复是一种用于铅污染环境的经济有效、可持续的解决方案，在大规模修复工作中具有潜在应用价值。
