Mohammadpour Saba, Ghorbaninejad Parivash, Shahinfar Hossein, Ebaditabar Mojdeh, Babaei Nadia, Davarzani Samira, Djafarian Kurosh, Shab-Bidar Sakineh
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2021 Jun 24;20(2):1145-1153. doi: 10.1007/s40200-021-00832-0. eCollection 2021 Dec.
Low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) has been used for weight loss and preventing obesity, but the association of adherence to LCD and resting metabolic rate (RMR) has not been investigated. This study aimed to investigate the association between the low-carbohydrate-diet score (LCDS) and RMR among Iranian adults.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 270 Iranian adults 18-70 y of age. To assess dietary intakes, participants completed a validated food frequency questionnaire. The LCDS was calculated based on carbohydrate, protein and fat intake, expressed as a percentage of energy. The higher score indicates the lower carbohydrate and the higher protein and fat intake. RMR was measured by indirect calorimetry after an overnight fast.
Multivariate-adjusted means showed that RMR significantly increased across tertiles ( = 0.041). However, there were no significant differences in the mean of fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) across tertiles of LCDS ( = 0.986 and = 0.621, respectively). Also LCDS and RMR (r = 0.14, = 0.021) were found to be correlated, but LCDS and FFM (r = 0.06, = 0.323), FM (r = -0.05, = 0.412), had no statistically significant correlation. RMR had a significant positive association with LCDs in the crude model (β = 18.81, 95% CI: 2.55, 35.07, = 0.024). Moreover, after controlling for covariates this association changed to non-significant (β = -0.14, 95% CI: -7.05, 19.25, = 0.03).
Adherence to diets lower in carbohydrates and higher in fat and protein were associated with higher RMR. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed to confirm these findings.
低碳水化合物饮食（LCD）已被用于减肥和预防肥胖，但坚持LCD与静息代谢率（RMR）之间的关联尚未得到研究。本研究旨在调查伊朗成年人中低碳水化合物饮食评分（LCDS）与RMR之间的关联。
本横断面研究对270名18至70岁的伊朗成年人进行。为评估饮食摄入量，参与者完成了一份经过验证的食物频率问卷。LCDS根据碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪摄入量计算，以能量百分比表示。分数越高表明碳水化合物摄入量越低，蛋白质和脂肪摄入量越高。在禁食过夜后通过间接测热法测量RMR。
多变量调整后的均值显示，RMR在三分位数间显著增加（P = 0.041）。然而，LCDS三分位数间的脂肪量（FM）和去脂体重（FFM）均值无显著差异（分别为P = 0.986和P = 0.621）。此外，发现LCDS与RMR相关（r = 0.14，P = 0.021），但LCDS与FFM（r = 0.06，P = 0.323）、FM（r = -0.05，P = 0.412）无统计学显著相关性。在粗模型中，RMR与LCDS有显著正相关（β = 18.81，95%CI：2.55，35.07，P = 0.024）。此外，在控制协变量后，这种关联变为不显著（β = -0.14，95%CI：-7.05，19.25，P = 0.03）。
坚持碳水化合物含量较低、脂肪和蛋白质含量较高的饮食与较高的RMR相关。需要进一步进行更大样本量的研究来证实这些发现。
