Li Yan, Zhou Xuezhen, Zhang Yu, Zhong Chunrong, Huang Li, Chen Xi, Chen Renjuan, Wu Jiangyue, Li Qian, Sun Guoqiang, Yin Heng, Xiong Guoping, Hao Liping, Yang Nianhong, Yang Xuefeng
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, China.
Front Nutr. 2021 Nov 26;8:782011. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.782011. eCollection 2021.
The associations among maternal diet, birth weight, and gestational weight gain are still inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate the associations between maternal dietary patterns and birth weight, and further explore whether GWG mediates these associations. A total of 3,334 pregnant women who completed a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire from the Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort were included. Dietary patterns were extracted by using principal component analysis. Regression models and mediation analyses were performed to explore the associations between dietary patterns and birth weight and the effects of GWG on these associations. Five dietary patterns were identified: "Beans-vegetables," "Fish-meat-eggs," "Nuts-whole grains," "Organ-poultry-seafood" and "Rice-wheat-fruits." Only women following the "Beans-vegetables" pattern had heavier newborns ( = 47.39; 95% CI: 12.25, 82.54). Women following the "Beans-vegetables" pattern had significantly lower GWG ( = -0.7; 95% CI: -1.15, -0.25) and had a 16% lower risk of excessive GWG and 11% higher odd of adequate GWG. The association between the "Beans-vegetables" pattern and birth weight was negatively mediated by GWG. A dietary pattern enriched in beans and vegetables is beneficial for effectively controlling GWG and increasing birth weight. GWG serves. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03099837).
母亲饮食、出生体重和孕期体重增加之间的关联仍无定论。本研究旨在调查母亲饮食模式与出生体重之间的关联，并进一步探讨孕期体重增加是否介导了这些关联。纳入了来自同济妇幼队列的3334名完成了经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷的孕妇。通过主成分分析提取饮食模式。进行回归模型和中介分析以探讨饮食模式与出生体重之间的关联以及孕期体重增加对这些关联的影响。确定了五种饮食模式：“豆类 - 蔬菜”、“鱼 - 肉 - 蛋”、“坚果 - 全谷物”、“内脏 - 家禽 - 海鲜”和“米 - 麦 - 水果”。只有遵循“豆类 - 蔬菜”模式的女性所生新生儿体重更重（β = 47.39；95%置信区间：12.25，82.54）。遵循“豆类 - 蔬菜”模式的女性孕期体重增加显著更低（β = -0.7；95%置信区间：-1.15，-0.25），孕期体重增加过多的风险降低16%，孕期体重增加适宜的几率提高11%。“豆类 - 蔬菜”模式与出生体重之间的关联被孕期体重增加负向介导。富含豆类和蔬菜的饮食模式有利于有效控制孕期体重增加并提高出生体重。孕期体重增加起到了……作用。本试验已在ClinicalTrials.gov（NCT03099837）注册。
