Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Av. da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas de Plantas Medicinais, Campus Petrolina/Centro, Av. José de Sá Maniçoba, s/n, 56304-205 Petrolina, PE, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2021 Dec 8;93(suppl 4):e20210744. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202120210744. eCollection 2021.
Morus nigra L. has been widely used in Brazilian folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes. We evaluate the chemical composition and antidiabetic properties of the hexane (Hex-Mn) and chloroform (Chlo-Mn) fractions obtained by partition of the crude ethanolic extract from the leaves in rats. Chemical composition analysis of Hex-Mn and Chlor-Mn was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (CG-MS). In vivo and in vitro studies were carried out to compare the antidiabetic activities of the Hex-Mn and Chlor-Mn fractions. Most of the compounds identified in Hex-Mn were α-linolenic acid, stigmast-5-en-3-ol and linolenic acid ethyl ester, while in Chlor-Mn, stigmast-5-en-3-ol, palmitic acid and α-linolenic acid were mainly identified. Only Hex-Mn treatment reduced both fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia. Additionally, Hex-Mn preserved body weight gain, preserved the hepatic glycogen content, and also reduced the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and nitrite levels, as well as restored the superoxide dismutase. Furthermore, digestion of complex carbohydrates and intestinal glucose absorption was prevented by Hex-Mn treatment. Our results suggest that the antidiabetic activity of Hex-Mn may be explained, at least in part, by the insulin sensitivity increase, antioxidant properties and reduction in carbohydrate absorption in the small intestine.
桑树（Morus nigra L.）在巴西民间医学中被广泛用于治疗糖尿病。我们评估了从叶片中获得的粗醇提取物通过分配得到的正己烷（Hex-Mn）和氯仿（Chlo-Mn）馏分的化学成分和抗糖尿病特性。通过气相色谱-质谱联用（CG-MS）对 Hex-Mn 和 Chlor-Mn 的化学成分分析。进行了体内和体外研究，以比较 Hex-Mn 和 Chlor-Mn 馏分的抗糖尿病活性。在 Hex-Mn 中鉴定出的大多数化合物为α-亚麻酸、豆甾-5-烯-3-醇和亚麻酸乙酯，而在 Chlor-Mn 中，主要鉴定出豆甾-5-烯-3-醇、棕榈酸和α-亚麻酸。只有 Hex-Mn 处理降低了空腹和餐后高血糖。此外，Hex-Mn 还保持了体重增加，保持了肝糖原含量，降低了丙二醛和亚硝酸盐水平，并恢复了超氧化物歧化酶。此外，Hex-Mn 处理还防止了复杂碳水化合物的消化和肠道葡萄糖吸收。我们的结果表明，Hex-Mn 的抗糖尿病活性至少部分可以通过增加胰岛素敏感性、抗氧化特性和减少小肠碳水化合物吸收来解释。
