Möck E E Amelie, Honkonen Eveliina, Airas Laura
Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Front Neurol. 2021 Nov 29;12:782599. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.782599. eCollection 2021.
Gray matter pathology plays a central role in the progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). The occurrence of synaptic loss appears to be important but, to date, still poorly investigated aspect of MS pathology. In this systematic review, we drew from the recent knowledge about synaptic loss in human post-mortem studies. We conducted a systematic search with PubMed to identify relevant publications. Publications available from15 June 2021 were taken into account. We selected human post-mortem studies that quantitatively assessed the synapse number in MS tissue. We identified 14 relevant publications out of which 9 reported synaptic loss in at least one investigated subregion. The most commonly used synaptic marker was synaptophysin; non-etheless, we found substantial differences in the methodology and the selection of reference tissue. Investigated regions included the cortex, the hippocampus, the cerebellum, the thalamus, and the spinal cord. Synaptic loss seems to take place throughout the entire central nervous system. However, the results are inconsistent, probably due to differences in the methodology. Moreover, synaptic loss appears to be a dynamic process, and thus the nature of this pathology might be captured using synaptic density measurements.
灰质病理学在多发性硬化症（MS）的进展中起着核心作用。突触丢失的发生似乎很重要，但迄今为止，在MS病理学中仍是研究较少的方面。在本系统综述中，我们借鉴了人类尸检研究中关于突触丢失的最新知识。我们在PubMed上进行了系统检索以识别相关出版物。考虑了2021年6月15日可得的出版物。我们选择了对MS组织中的突触数量进行定量评估的人类尸检研究。我们识别出14篇相关出版物，其中9篇报告了至少一个被研究亚区域存在突触丢失。最常用的突触标记物是突触素；然而，我们发现方法学和参考组织的选择存在很大差异。被研究的区域包括皮质、海马体、小脑、丘脑和脊髓。突触丢失似乎发生在整个中枢神经系统。然而，结果并不一致，可能是由于方法学的差异。此外，突触丢失似乎是一个动态过程，因此这种病理学的本质可能可以通过突触密度测量来捕捉。
