Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Departamento de Pediatria, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, Seção de Pneumologia Pediátrica, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Departamento de Pediatria, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, Seção de Pneumologia Pediátrica, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Pediatria, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2022 Mar-Apr;98 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S86-S95. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2021.11.005. Epub 2021 Dec 16.
To review in the literature the environmental problems in early life that impact the respiratory health of adults.
Non-systematic review including articles in English. Search filters were not used in relation to the publication date, but the authors selected mainly publications from the last five years.
In this review, the authors present the exposure pathways and how the damage occurs depending on the child's stage of development; the authors describe the main environmental pollutants - tobacco smoke, particulate matter, air pollution associated with traffic, adverse childhood experiences and socioeconomic status; the authors present studies that evaluated the repercussions on the respiratory system of adults resulting from exposure to adverse environmental factors in childhood, such as increased incidence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma and allergies; and, a decline in lung function. The authors emphasize that evidence demonstrates that adult respiratory diseases almost always have their origins in early life. Finally, the authors emphasize that health professionals must know, diagnose, monitor, and prevent toxic exposure among children and women.
The authors conclude that it is necessary to recognize risk factors and intervene in the period of greatest vulnerability to the occurrence of harmful effects of environmental exposures, to prevent, delay the onset or modify the progression of lung disease throughout life and into adulthood.
综述生命早期影响成人呼吸健康的环境问题。
非系统性综述，包括英文文献。未按发表日期使用搜索过滤器，但作者主要选择了过去五年的出版物。
在这篇综述中，作者介绍了暴露途径以及根据儿童发育阶段发生的损害；作者描述了主要的环境污染物-烟草烟雾、颗粒物、与交通相关的空气污染、不良儿童经历和社会经济地位；作者介绍了评估儿童时期暴露于不良环境因素对成年人呼吸系统的影响的研究，例如慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、哮喘和过敏的发病率增加；以及肺功能下降。作者强调，有证据表明，成人呼吸道疾病几乎总是起源于生命早期。最后，作者强调卫生专业人员必须了解、诊断、监测和预防儿童和妇女的有毒暴露。
作者得出结论，有必要认识到风险因素，并在最脆弱的时期进行干预，以防止、延迟发病或在整个生命过程中改变环境暴露的有害影响的进展，直至成年。
