Armin Shahnaz, Mirkarimi Mohammadreza, Pourmoghaddas Zahra, Tariverdi Marjan, Jafrasteh Azadeh, Marhamati Noushin, Shirvani Armin, Karimi Abdollah, Rafiei Tabatabaei Sedigheh, Mansour Ghanaei Roxana, Fahimzad SeyedAlireza, Shirvani Fariba, Hoseini-Alfatemi Seyedeh Mahsan
Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Aboozar Children's Medical Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2021 Dec 15;2021:4914371. doi: 10.1155/2021/4914371. eCollection 2021.
Despite the worldwide spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), information about the epidemiological and clinical patterns of this infection is still largely unknown in children. In addition, the prevalence of this disease is still very high in some parts of the world, including Iran. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the epidemiological features, laboratory and imaging findings, and the type of treatments in children with novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19).
This study is conducted from March 2020-March 2021 by using the medical records of hospitalized confirmed COVID-19 children younger than 18 years in five cities of Iran: Tehran, Ahwaz, Isfahan, Bandar-Abbas, and Khorramabad. In addition to demographic and epidemiological data, we also studied clinical signs and treatments.
In total 278 confirmed COVID-19 children, the average age was 5.3 years, and 59.4%were boys. A total of 37.8% had an underlying disease, in which the most common was a malignancy. The most common symptoms were fever and cough. In this group of pediatrics, some abnormal laboratory findings have been seen. GGO (Ground-Glass Opacity) had been diagnosed in 58.6% of children. 3.6% needed oxygen therapy with ventilators, and 83.09% had received antibiotic treatments with the majority of ceftriaxone. Also, 10% had got steroids. In this study, the mortality rate was 4.3%.
In this study, most of the children who died had an underlying disease, so timely care and action is important in them. Most children admitted to our study received antibiotics and were prescribed antivirals and steroids for a smaller number. Also, a small number of children received oxygen therapy, most of whom were in the age group of 1 to 5 years.
尽管严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）在全球范围内传播，但关于这种感染在儿童中的流行病学和临床模式的信息仍然知之甚少。此外，包括伊朗在内的世界一些地区这种疾病的患病率仍然很高。因此，本研究旨在评估2019新型冠状病毒（COVID-19）感染儿童的流行病学特征、实验室和影像学检查结果以及治疗类型。
本研究于2020年3月至2021年3月进行，使用了伊朗五个城市（德黑兰、阿瓦士、伊斯法罕、阿巴斯港和霍拉马巴德）18岁以下确诊住院的COVID-19儿童的病历。除了人口统计学和流行病学数据外，我们还研究了临床症状和治疗方法。
总计278名确诊的COVID-19儿童，平均年龄为5.3岁，59.4%为男孩。共有37.8%的儿童有基础疾病，其中最常见的是恶性肿瘤。最常见的症状是发热和咳嗽。在这组儿科患者中，发现了一些异常的实验室检查结果。58.6%的儿童被诊断出有磨玻璃影（GGO）。3.6%的儿童需要使用呼吸机进行氧疗，83.09%的儿童接受了抗生素治疗，其中大多数使用头孢曲松。此外，10%的儿童使用了类固醇。在本研究中，死亡率为4.3%。
在本研究中，大多数死亡儿童有基础疾病，因此对他们进行及时护理和采取行动很重要。我们研究中大多数入院儿童接受了抗生素治疗，少数儿童被开了抗病毒药物和类固醇。此外，少数儿童接受了氧疗，其中大多数在1至5岁年龄组。
