Rani Ritu, Tegta Gita R, Verma Ghanshyam K, Sharma Dinesh D, Gupta Mudita, Negi Ajeet
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, IGMC, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Department of Psychiatry, IGMC, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Indian Dermatol Online J. 2021 Nov 22;12(6):847-851. doi: 10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_141_21. eCollection 2021 Nov-Dec.
Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by mycobacterium leprae. Chronicity of the disease leads to various psychiatric co-morbidities, which are often undiagnosed and untreated. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the frequency and nature of psychiatric co-morbidity in patients of Hansen's disease.
Seventy confirmed cases of Hansen's disease between the ages of 18 and 60 years attending the department of dermatology of Indira Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Shimla were evaluated for various manifestations of Hansen's disease and screened for psychiatric co-morbidity using GHQ-12 and diagnosed using ICD-10 checklist. Severity of depression and anxiety was assessed with HAM-D and HAM-A scales, respectively.
The prevalence of psychiatric co-morbidity was found in 27.14% of enrolled patients. Depression was most prevalent in (20%) mental disorder; followed by anxiety disorder (7.14%). Moderate depressive episode was the commonest seen in 11.42% patients whereas 5.71% patients had mild depression. Generalized anxiety disorder was seen in 1.42% whereas 5.71% patients had mixed anxiety disorder. Patients with higher education status, positive family history of leprosy, lepromatous leprosy, and hand deformities were significantly associated with higher psychiatric co-morbidity.
Patients suffering from Hansen's disease have significantly high prevalence of psychiatric co-morbidity complicating the Hansen's disease. High index of suspicion is required to diagnose and treat it.
麻风病是一种由麻风分枝杆菌引起的慢性疾病。该疾病的慢性病程会导致各种精神共病，而这些共病往往未被诊断和治疗。本研究的主要目的是评估麻风病患者精神共病的发生率和性质。
对在西姆拉英迪拉·甘地医学院和医院皮肤科就诊的70例确诊为麻风病、年龄在18至60岁之间的患者进行了麻风病各种表现的评估，并使用一般健康问卷12项（GHQ - 12）筛查精神共病，并用国际疾病分类第10版（ICD - 10）清单进行诊断。分别使用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAM - D）和汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAM - A）评估抑郁和焦虑的严重程度。
在纳入的患者中，精神共病的患病率为27.14%。抑郁症在精神障碍中最为普遍（20%）；其次是焦虑症（7.14%）。中度抑郁发作在11.42%的患者中最为常见，而5.71%的患者有轻度抑郁。广泛性焦虑症在1.42%的患者中出现，而5.71%的患者有混合性焦虑症。教育程度较高、有麻风病家族史阳性、瘤型麻风病和手部畸形的患者与较高的精神共病显著相关。
麻风病患者精神共病的患病率显著较高，这使麻风病病情更为复杂。诊断和治疗需要高度的怀疑指数。
