Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Golbasi, Ankara, Turkey.
Stem Cell Institute, Ankara University, Balgat, Ankara, Turkey.
Nanoscale. 2022 Jan 6;14(2):239-249. doi: 10.1039/d1nr06476b.
Infectious diseases caused by viral or bacterial pathogens are one of the most serious threats to humanity. Moreover, they may lead to pandemics, as we have witnessed severely with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Nanotechnology, including technological developments of nano-sized materials, has brought great opportunities to control the spreading of such diseases. In the family of nano-sized materials, two-dimensional (2D) materials with intrinsic physicochemical properties can efficiently favor antimicrobial activity and maintain a safer environment to protect people against pathogens. For this purpose, they can be used alone or combined for the disinfection process of microbes, antiviral or antibacterial surface coatings, air filtering of medical equipment like face masks, or antimicrobial drug delivery systems. At the same time, they are promising candidates to deal with the issues of conventional antimicrobial approaches such as low efficacy and high cost. This review covers the antiviral or antibacterial activities of 2D materials and highlights their current and possible future applications. Considering their intrinsic properties, 2D materials will become part of the leading antimicrobial technologies for combating future pandemics anytime soon.
病毒性或细菌性病原体引起的传染病是对人类最严重的威胁之一。此外，它们可能导致大流行，正如我们在 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）中所严重见证的那样。纳米技术，包括纳米级材料的技术发展，为控制此类疾病的传播带来了巨大的机遇。在纳米级材料的家族中，具有固有物理化学性质的二维（2D）材料可以有效地有利于抗菌活性，并保持更安全的环境，以保护人们免受病原体的侵害。为此，它们可以单独使用或组合使用，用于微生物的消毒过程、抗病毒或抗菌表面涂层、医用设备（如口罩）的空气过滤，或抗菌药物输送系统。同时，它们是解决传统抗菌方法（如疗效低和成本高）问题的有前途的候选者。本综述涵盖了 2D 材料的抗病毒或抗菌活性，并强调了它们当前和可能的未来应用。考虑到它们的固有特性，二维材料将很快成为对抗未来大流行的领先抗菌技术的一部分。
