Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
The University of Sydney School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
J Clin Periodontol. 2022 Apr;49(4):388-400. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13587. Epub 2022 Jan 24.
The aim was to assess two macronutrient interventions in a 2 × 2 factorial dietary design to determine their effects on oral health.
Participants (65-75 years old) with a body mass index between 20 and 35 kg/m of a larger randomized control trial who consented to an oral health assessment were recruited. They had ad libitum access to one of four experimental diets (omnivorous higher fat or higher carbohydrate, semi-vegetarian higher fat or higher carbohydrate) for 4 weeks. The periodontal examination included periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing. Oral plaque and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were collected before and after the intervention.
Between baseline and follow up, the number of sites with a CAL <5 mm (mean difference [MD] -5.11 ± 9.68, p = .039) increased and the GCF amount (MD -23.42 ± 39.42 Periotron Units [PU], p = .050) decreased for the semi-vegetarian high-fat diet. For the mean proportion of sites with PPD reduction of >1 mm and CAL gain of >1 mm, significant differences were calculated between the diets investigated. The clinical parameters were not associated with changes in the oral microbiota.
The results of this study provided evidence that a semi-vegetarian high-fat diet provides benefits to clinical parameters of periodontal health. This study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (ACTRN12616001606471).
评估 2×2 析因饮食设计中的两种宏量营养素干预措施，以确定它们对口腔健康的影响。
从一项更大的随机对照试验中招募了年龄在 65-75 岁、体重指数在 20-35kg/m2 之间、同意进行口腔健康评估的参与者。他们可以随意食用四种实验饮食（杂食高脂肪或高碳水化合物、半素食高脂肪或高碳水化合物）中的一种，为期 4 周。牙周检查包括牙周探诊深度（PPD）、临床附着水平（CAL）和探诊出血。在干预前后采集口腔菌斑和龈沟液（GCF）。
与基线相比，在随访时，CAL<5mm 的位点数量增加（平均差值[MD]-5.11±9.68，p=0.039），GCF 量减少（MD-23.42±39.42 牙周单位[PU]，p=0.050）半素食高脂肪饮食。对于 PPD 减少>1mm 和 CAL 增加>1mm 的位点比例的平均值，研究中调查的饮食之间计算出了显著差异。临床参数与口腔微生物群的变化无关。
本研究结果提供了证据表明，半素食高脂肪饮食对牙周健康的临床参数有益。本研究在 ClinicalTrials.gov 注册（ACTRN12616001606471）。
