尼日利亚北部医护人员对 COVID-19 疫苗接受度的相关因素混合方法研究。

A Mixed-methods Study of Correlates of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability among Health Workers in Northern Nigeria.

机构信息

Department of Community Medicine, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.

Department of Family and Community Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

出版信息

Pathog Glob Health. 2022 Jun;116(4):254-262. doi: 10.1080/20477724.2021.2011674. Epub 2021 Dec 22.

Abstract

We assessed the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine, predictors, and reasons for vaccine hesitancy among clinical and non-clinical staff at a tertiary hospital in Kano, northern Nigeria.Using a mixed-methods design, structured questionnaires were administered to 284 hospital staff, followed by 20 in-depth interviews with a purposive sub-sample. Logistic regression and the framework approach were used to analyze the data.Only 24.3% ( = 69) of the respondents were willing to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. Acceptance was lower among females (Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 0.37, 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI): 0.18-0.77 (male vs. female), nurses/midwives (aOR = 0.41, 95%CI:0.13-0.60, physicians vs. nurses/midwives), persons not tested for COVID-19 (aOR = 0.32, 95%CI 0.13-0.79) (no vs. yes) and those who perceived themselves to be at low risk of COVID-19 (aOR = 0.47, 95%CI,0.21-0.89, low vs. high). In contrast, vaccine acceptance was higher among more experienced workers (aOR = 2.28, 95%CI:1.16-8.55, ≥10 vs. <5 years). Vaccine acceptance was also higher among persons who did not worry about vaccine efficacy (aOR = 2.35, 95%CI:1.18-6.54, no vs. yes), or about vaccine safety (aOR = 1.76, 95%CI: 1.16-5.09, no vs. yes), side effects (aOR = 1.85, 95%CI:1.17-5.04, no vs. yes), or rumors (aOR = 2.55, 95%CI:1.25-5.20, no vs. yes). The top four reasons for vaccine hesitancy included distrust, inadequate information, fear of long-term effects, and infertility-related rumors.Concerted efforts are required to build COVID-19 vaccine confidence among health workers in Kano, Nigeria.Our findings can help guide implementation of COVID-19 vaccination in similar settings.

摘要

我们评估了尼日利亚北部卡诺市一家三级医院的临床和非临床工作人员对 COVID-19 疫苗的接受程度、预测因素和疫苗犹豫的原因。采用混合方法设计,对 284 名医院工作人员进行了结构问卷调查,随后对 20 名有针对性的亚组进行了 20 次深入访谈。使用逻辑回归和框架方法分析数据。只有 24.3%(=69)的受访者愿意接受 COVID-19 疫苗。女性的接受率较低(调整后的优势比[aOR]0.37,95%置信区间[95%CI]:0.18-0.77(男性与女性相比),护士/助产士(aOR 0.41,95%CI:0.13-0.60,医生与护士/助产士相比),未接受 COVID-19 检测的人(aOR 0.32,95%CI 0.13-0.79)(无 vs. 是)和那些认为自己 COVID-19 风险较低的人(aOR 0.47,95%CI,0.21-0.89,低 vs. 高)。相比之下,疫苗接受率在经验更丰富的工作人员中更高(aOR 2.28,95%CI:1.16-8.55,≥10 年与<5 年)。疫苗接受率也更高那些不担心疫苗效力(aOR 2.35,95%CI:1.18-6.54,否与是),或疫苗安全性(aOR 1.76,95%CI:1.16-5.09,否与是),副作用(aOR 1.85,95%CI:1.17-5.04,否与是)或谣言(aOR 2.55,95%CI:1.25-5.20,否与是)。疫苗犹豫的前四个原因包括不信任、信息不足、对长期影响的恐惧和与不孕相关的谣言。需要共同努力,在尼日利亚卡诺建立卫生工作者对 COVID-19 疫苗的信心。我们的研究结果可以帮助指导在类似环境中实施 COVID-19 疫苗接种。

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