Alfonso Sébastien, Zupa Walter, Spedicato Maria Teresa, Lembo Giuseppe, Carbonara Pierluigi
COISPA Tecnologia and Ricerca, Experimental Station for the Study of Sea Resources, Via dei Trulli 18-20, 70126 Bari, Italy.
Biology (Basel). 2021 Dec 20;10(12):1357. doi: 10.3390/biology10121357.
Measurement of metabolic rates provides a valuable proxy for the energetic costs of different living activities. However, such measurements are not easy to perform in free-swimming fish. Therefore, mapping acceleration from accelerometer tags with oxygen consumption rates (MO) is a promising method to counter these limitations and could represent a tool for remotely estimating MO in aquaculture environments. In this study, we monitored the swimming performance and MO of 79 gilthead sea bream (; weight range, 219-971 g) during a critical swimming test. Among all the fish challenged, 27 were implanted with electromyography (EMG) electrodes, and 27 were implanted with accelerometer tags to monitor the activation pattern of the red/white muscles during swimming. Additionally, we correlated the acceleration recorded by the tag with the MO. Overall, we found no significant differences in swimming performance, metabolic traits, and swimming efficiency between the tagged and untagged fish. The acceleration recorded by the tag was successfully correlated with MO. Additionally, through EMG analyses, we determined the activities of the red and white muscles, which are indicative of the contributions of aerobic and anaerobic metabolisms until reaching critical swimming speed. By obtaining insights into both aerobic and anaerobic metabolisms, sensor mapping with physiological data may be useful for the purposes of aquaculture health/welfare remote monitoring of the gilthead sea bream, a key species in European marine aquaculture.
代谢率的测量为不同生命活动的能量消耗提供了一个有价值的指标。然而，在自由游动的鱼类中进行这样的测量并不容易。因此，将加速度计标签的加速度与耗氧率（MO）进行映射是克服这些限制的一种有前景的方法，并且可能成为在水产养殖环境中远程估计MO的一种工具。在本研究中，我们在一项临界游泳测试中监测了79条金头鲷（体重范围为219 - 971克）的游泳性能和MO。在所有接受挑战的鱼中，27条植入了肌电图（EMG）电极，27条植入了加速度计标签，以监测游泳过程中红肌/白肌的激活模式。此外，我们将标签记录的加速度与MO进行了关联。总体而言，我们发现标记鱼和未标记鱼在游泳性能、代谢特征和游泳效率方面没有显著差异。标签记录的加速度与MO成功相关。此外，通过EMG分析，我们确定了红肌和白肌的活动，这些活动表明在达到临界游泳速度之前有氧和无氧代谢的贡献。通过深入了解有氧和无氧代谢，将传感器与生理数据进行映射可能有助于对欧洲海水养殖中的关键物种金头鲷进行水产养殖健康/福利的远程监测。
