CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Portugal; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, China.
CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Portugal.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2021 Dec;262:111077. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.111077. Epub 2021 Sep 15.
Cultured fish can be induced to swim, although the suitability and benefits remain to be tested. Sustained swimming exercise (SSE) training and detraining (DET) were applied in juvenile gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and the metabolic rates were investigated. Fish with a total body mass of 80.5 ± 1.5 g and total length 17.2 ± 0.1 cm were maintained untrained (spontaneously swimming activity, UNT), swim-trained (induced sustained swimming activity, SSE) at 1 BL s for 28 days, or detrained (28 days of swimming followed by 10 days of untraining, DET). Standard metabolic rate (SMR), maximum metabolic rate (MMR), and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) were assessed (n = 10). In addition, the effects of SSE training (51 days) on blood and plasma parameters were investigated before and immediately after applying a high-intensity swimming (HIS) protocol. SMR, MMR, and EPOC values were not different between SSE, UNT, or DET fish (143.2, 465.5 mg O kg h, and 459.1 mg O kg, respectively). Spite the lack of differences between treatments, the dispersion in the residuals for SMR, MMR, and absolute aerobic scope (AAS) values followed the order UNT > DET > SSE, indicating that swim training decreases the individual variation of these metabolic parameters. Haematological parameters, plasma glucose, lactate, and cortisol levels were similar between SSE and UNT groups before HIS. Plasma glucose and lactate levels increased in both groups after HIS, being higher in the SSE group. Plasma cortisol levels were similar between both groups after HIS. Results suggest that SSE training improves energy use and reduces individual variation in SMR and MMR, an effect that declines with detraining.
养殖鱼类可以被诱导游动，尽管其适用性和益处仍有待检验。本研究在幼龄真鲷（Sparus aurata）中应用持续游泳训练（SSE）和去训练（DET），并研究了代谢率。鱼的总体重为 80.5±1.5g，全长为 17.2±0.1cm，分为未训练组（UNT，自发游泳活动）、游泳训练组（SSE，诱导持续游泳活动）和去训练组（28 天游泳后 10 天不游泳，DET）。分别测定标准代谢率（SMR）、最大代谢率（MMR）和运动后过量耗氧量（EPOC）（n=10）。此外，还在进行高强度游泳（HIS）方案前后，研究了 SSE 训练（51 天）对血液和血浆参数的影响。SMR、MMR 和 EPOC 值在 SSE、UNT 或 DET 鱼之间没有差异（分别为 143.2、465.5mg O kg h 和 459.1mg O kg）。尽管处理之间没有差异，但 SMR、MMR 和绝对需氧量（AAS）值的残差分布顺序为 UNT>DET>SSE，表明游泳训练降低了这些代谢参数的个体差异。在 HIS 之前，SSE 和 UNT 组的血液学参数、血浆葡萄糖、乳酸和皮质醇水平相似。两组在 HIS 后血浆葡萄糖和乳酸水平均升高，SSE 组升高更为明显。HIS 后两组的血浆皮质醇水平相似。结果表明，SSE 训练可提高能量利用效率，并降低 SMR 和 MMR 的个体差异，这种效应在去训练后会下降。
