School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 10;18(24):13056. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182413056.
The interactions between CO flux, an important component of ecosystem carbon flux, and climate change vary significantly among different ecosystems. In this research, the inter-annual variation characteristics of ecosystem respiration (RE), gross ecosystem exchange (GEE), and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) were explored in the temperate grassland (TG) of Xilinhot (2004-2010), the subtropical artificial coniferous forest (SACF) of Qianyanzhou (2003-2010), and the tropical rain forest (TRF) of Xishuangbanna (2003-2010). The main factors of climate change affecting ecosystem CO flux were identified by redundancy analysis, and exponential models and temperature indicators were constructed to consider the relationship between climate change and CO flux. Every year from 2003 to 2010, RE and GEE first increased and then decreased, and NEE showed no significant change pattern. TG was a carbon source, whereas SACF and TRF were carbon sinks. The influence of air temperature on RE and GEE was greater than that of soil temperature, but the influence of soil moisture on RE and GEE was greater than that of air moisture. Compared with moisture and photosynthetically active radiation, temperature had the greatest impact on CO flux and the exponential model had the best fitting effect. In TG and SACF, the average temperature was the most influential factor, and in TRF, the accumulated temperature was the most influential factor. These results provide theoretical support for mitigating and managing climate change and provide references for achieving carbon neutrality.
CO 通量是生态系统碳通量的重要组成部分，其与气候变化之间的相互作用在不同生态系统中存在显著差异。本研究以锡林浩特温带草原（2004-2010 年）、千烟洲亚热带人工针叶林（2003-2010 年）和西双版纳热带雨林（2003-2010 年）为研究对象，探讨了生态系统呼吸（RE）、总生态系统交换（GEE）和净生态系统交换（NEE）的年际变化特征。采用冗余分析确定了影响生态系统 CO 通量变化的主要气候因子，并构建了指数模型和温度指标，以考虑气候变化与 CO 通量之间的关系。2003-2010 年，每年 RE 和 GEE 均先增加后减少，而 NEE 无明显变化趋势。锡林浩特温带草原为碳源，千烟洲亚热带人工针叶林和西双版纳热带雨林为碳汇。空气温度对 RE 和 GEE 的影响大于土壤温度，而土壤湿度对 RE 和 GEE 的影响大于空气湿度。与空气湿度和光合有效辐射相比，温度对 CO 通量的影响最大，指数模型的拟合效果最好。在温带草原和亚热带人工针叶林中，平均温度是最具影响力的因素，而在热带雨林中，积温是最具影响力的因素。这些结果为缓解和管理气候变化提供了理论支持，并为实现碳中和提供了参考。
